REGEX：通過不用單引號的逗號分割，允許使用轉義引號

Question

我正在尋找一個在PHP 5中使用preg_match_all的正則表達式，它允許我用逗號分割一個字符串，只要逗號不存在在單引號內，允許使用單引號。示例數據將是：

(some_array, 'some, string goes here','another_string','this string may contain "double quotes" but, it can\'t split, on escaped single quotes', anonquotedstring, 83448545, 1210597346 + '000', 1241722133 + '000') 

這應該產生匹配，看起來像這樣：

(some_array 

'some, string goes here' 

'another_string' 

'this string may contain "double quotes" but, it can\'t split, on escaped single quotes' 

anonquotedstring 

83448545 

1210597346 + '000' 

1241722133 + '000') 

我試過很多，很多的正則表達式...我現在的一個看起來是這樣的，雖然它不不能正確匹配100％。 （它仍然在單引號內部分開一些逗號。）

"/'(.*?)(?<!(?<!\\\)\\\)'|[^,]+/" 

Answer 1

你試過str_getcsv？它沒有正則表達式就能完全滿足你的需求。

$result = str_getcsv($str, ",", "'"); 

您可以從a comment在文檔甚至實現比5.3老版本PHP這種方法，映射到fgetcsv在這個片段：

if (!function_exists('str_getcsv')) { 

    function str_getcsv($input, $delimiter = ',', $enclosure = '"', $escape = null, $eol = null) { 
     $temp = fopen("php://memory", "rw"); 
     fwrite($temp, $input); 
     fseek($temp, 0); 
     $r = fgetcsv($temp, 4096, $delimiter, $enclosure); 
     fclose($temp); 
     return $r; 
    } 

} 

Answer 2

在PHP 5.3起，可以保存自己與痛str_getcsv

$data=str_getcsv($input, ",", "'"); 

要採取你的榜樣......

$input=<<<STR 
(some_array, 'some, string goes here','another_string','this string may contain "double quotes" but it can\'t split on escaped single quotes', anonquotedstring, 83448545, 1210597346 + '000', 1241722133 + '000') 
STR; 

$data=str_getcsv($input, ",", "'"); 
print_r($data); 

輸出這個

Array 
(
    [0] => (some_array 
    [1] => some, string goes here 
    [2] => another_string 
    [3] => this string may contain "double quotes" but it can\'t split on escaped single quotes 
    [4] => anonquotedstring 
    [5] => 83448545 
    [6] => 1210597346 + '000' 
    [7] => 1241722133 + '000') 
) 

Answer 3

我第二次使用CSV解析器這裏的，那他們就是在那裏。

如果你堅持用正則表達式，你可以使用

preg_match_all(
    '/\s*" # either match " (optional preceding whitespace), 
    (?:\\\\. # followed either by an escaped character 
    |  # or 
    [^"]  # any character except " 
    )*  # any number of times, 
    "\s*  # followed by " (and optional whitespace). 
    |   # Or: do the same thing for single-quoted strings. 
    \s*\'(?:\\\\.|[^\'])*\'\s* 
    |   # Or: 
    [^,]*  # match anything except commas (i.e. any remaining unquoted strings) 
    /x', 
    $subject, $result, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER); 
$result = $result[0]; 

但是，正如你所看到的，這是醜陋和難以維持。使用正確的工具來完成這項工作。

Answer 4

隨着一些向後看，你可以得到一些接近你想要什麼：

$test = "(some_array, 'some, string goes here','another_string','this string may contain \"double quotes\" but, it can\'t split, on escaped single quotes', anonquotedstring, 83448545, 1210597346 + '000', 1241722133 + '000')"; 
preg_match_all('` 
(?:[^,\']| 
    \'((?<=\\\\)\'|[^\'])*\')* 
`x', $test, $result); 
print_r($result); 

爲您提供了這樣的結果：

Array 
(
    [0] => Array 
     (
      [0] => (some_array 
      [1] => 
      [2] => 'some, string goes here' 
      [3] => 
      [4] => 'another_string' 
      [5] => 
      [6] => 'this string may contain "double quotes" but, it can\'t split, on escaped single quotes' 
      [7] => 
      [8] => anonquotedstring 
      [9] => 
      [10] => 83448545 
      [11] => 
      [12] => 1210597346 + '000' 
      [13] => 
      [14] => 1241722133 + '000') 
      [15] => 
     ) 

    [1] => Array 
     (
      [0] => 
      [1] => 
      [2] => e 
      [3] => 
      [4] => g 
      [5] => 
      [6] => s 
      [7] => 
      [8] => 
      [9] => 
      [10] => 
      [11] => 
      [12] => 0 
      [13] => 
      [14] => 0 
      [15] => 
     ) 

)