在將Django應用部署到heroku時發生`collectstatic`錯誤

Question

將我的Django應用部署到heroku時，但colletstatic方法似乎會引發很多錯誤。我嘗試了幾種在線發佈的解決方案，但都沒有成功順便說一句，我使用whitenoise來爲我的靜態文件提供服務。

Counting objects: 77, done. 
Delta compression using up to 12 threads. 
Compressing objects: 100% (74/74), done. 
Writing objects: 100% (77/77), 351.57 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. 
Total 77 (delta 27), reused 0 (delta 0) 
remote: Compressing source files... done. 
remote: Building source: 
remote: 
remote: -----> Python app detected 
remote: -----> Installing python-3.6.1 
remote: -----> Installing pip 
remote: -----> Installing requirements with pip 
remote:  Collecting Django==1.11.1 (from -r /tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/requirements.txt (line 1)) 
remote:   Downloading Django-1.11.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.9MB) 
remote:  Collecting gunicorn==19.7.1 (from -r /tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/requirements.txt (line 2)) 
remote:   Downloading gunicorn-19.7.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (111kB) 
remote:  Collecting whitenoise==3.3.0 (from -r /tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/requirements.txt (line 3)) 
remote:   Downloading whitenoise-3.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
remote:  Collecting psycopg2==2.7.1 (from -r /tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/requirements.txt (line 4)) 
remote:   Downloading psycopg2-2.7.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (2.7MB) 
remote:  Collecting pytz (from Django==1.11.1->-r /tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/requirements.txt (line 1)) 
remote:   Downloading pytz-2017.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (484kB) 
remote:  Installing collected packages: pytz, Django, gunicorn, whitenoise, psycopg2 
remote:  Successfully installed Django-1.11.1 gunicorn-19.7.1 psycopg2-2.7.1 pytz-2017.2 whitenoise-3.3.0 
remote: 
remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput 
remote:  Traceback (most recent call last): 
remote:   File "manage.py", line 22, in <module> 
remote:   execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line 
remote:   utility.execute() 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute 
remote:   self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv 
remote:   self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute 
remote:   output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 199, in handle 
remote:   collected = self.collect() 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 115, in collect 
remote:   for path, storage in finder.list(self.ignore_patterns): 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 112, in list 
remote:   for path in utils.get_files(storage, ignore_patterns): 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/utils.py", line 28, in get_files 
remote:   directories, files = storage.listdir(location) 
remote:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 397, in listdir 
remote:   for entry in os.listdir(path): 
remote:  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/Nostradamus/static' 
remote: 
remote: !  Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'. 
remote:  See traceback above for details. 
remote: 
remote:  You may need to update application code to resolve this error. 
remote:  Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application: 
remote: 
remote:   $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1 
remote: 
remote:  https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets 
remote: 
remote: ****** Collectstatic environment variables: 
remote: 
remote:  CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/include:/app/.heroku/python/include: 
remote:  EXPORT_PATH=/app/tmp/buildpacks/779a8bbfbbe7e1b715476c0b23fc63a2103b3e4131eda558669aba8fb5e6e05682419376144189b29beb5dee6d7626b4d3385edb0954bffea6c67d8cf622fd51/bin/../export 
remote:  SOURCE_VERSION=438c510c80b83b0d88b66ca02b9c8563e930b185 
remote:  PROFILE_PATH=/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/.profile.d/python.sh 
remote:  DEBUG_COLLECTSTATIC=0 
remote:  BUILDPACK_LOG_FILE=/dev/fd/3 
remote:  LIBRARY_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib:/app/.heroku/python/lib: 
remote:  CACHE_DIR=/app/tmp/cache 
remote:  PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 
remote:  PYHONHOME=/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/.heroku/python 
remote:  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib:/app/.heroku/python/lib: 
remote:  BIN_DIR=/app/tmp/buildpacks/779a8bbfbbe7e1b715476c0b23fc63a2103b3e4131eda558669aba8fb5e6e05682419376144189b29beb5dee6d7626b4d3385edb0954bffea6c67d8cf622fd51/bin 
remote:  DYNO=run.7199 
remote:  PATH=/app/.heroku/python/bin:/app/.heroku/vendor/bin::/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/tmp/codon/vendor/bin:/app/tmp/buildpacks/779a8bbfbbe7e1b715476c0b23fc63a2103b3e4131eda558669aba8fb5e6e05682419376144189b29beb5dee6d7626b4d3385edb0954bffea6c67d8cf622fd51/vendor/:/app/tmp/buildpacks/779a8bbfbbe7e1b715476c0b23fc63a2103b3e4131eda558669aba8fb5e6e05682419376144189b29beb5dee6d7626b4d3385edb0954bffea6c67d8cf622fd51/vendor/pip-pop 
remote:  RECOMMENDED_PYTHON_VERSION=python-2.7.13 
remote:  C_INCLUDE_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/include:/app/.heroku/python/include: 
remote:  PWD=/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6 
remote:  BPLOG_PREFIX=buildpack.python 
remote:  LANG=en_US.UTF-8 
remote:  STACK=heroku-16 
remote:  SHLVL=3 
remote:  REQUEST_ID=27f7a88e-8898-45ab-b6ef-d7792fdb0a7a 
remote:  HOME=/app 
remote:  PYTHONPATH=/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6/ 
remote:  BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build_d86f80f6593040bde7f9cb90828051e6 
remote:  WARNINGS_LOG=/tmp/tmp.3UgKi9FCcP 
remote:  PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/pkgconfig:/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/pkgconfig:/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/pkg-config:/app/.heroku/python/lib/pkg-config: 
remote:  _=/usr/bin/env 
remote: !  Push rejected, failed to compile Python app. 
remote: 
remote: !  Push failed 
remote: Verifying deploy... 
remote: 
remote: ! Push rejected to habibam. 
remote: 
To https://git.heroku.com/habibam.git 
! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined) 
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.heroku.com/habibam.git' 

Answer 1

它正在目錄Nostradamus/static中查找，並且由於該目錄不存在而引發錯誤。

如果該目錄確實存在本地，那麼問題可能是它是空的，所以git不會跟蹤它。簡單的解決方案是在該目錄中創建一個名爲.keep的空文件（或者任何你喜歡的東西，不管它叫什麼），這會導致git「看到」它。