C - 用戶輸入到矩陣

Question

我想製作一個程序，用戶首先輸入一個矩陣的大小，然後是每個單元格是否被佔用（o）或未佔用（。）。我如何編寫它，以便用戶輸入一整行的佔用/未佔用的輸入，而不是使用嵌套for循環的單元格？

UPDATE

有其中數據項通過一個輸入的一個示例：

#include <stdio.h> 

#define MAX_SIZE 100 

int main(void) 
{ 
    char matrix[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE] = { 0 }; 
    int rows = 0, cols = 0; 
    while (rows < 1 || rows > MAX_SIZE) 
    { 
     printf("What is the number of rows? "); 
     scanf("%d", &rows); 
    } 
    while (cols < 1 || cols > MAX_SIZE) 
    { 
     printf("What is the number of columns? "); 
     scanf("%d", &cols); 
    } 
    // fill the matrix 
    printf("Please, fill the matrix by entering o for occupied or . for unoccupied cell (E for exit)\n"); 
    int r, c, ch; 
    int fulfill = 1; 
    for (r = 0; r < rows && fulfill; r++) 
    { 
     for (c = 0; c < cols && fulfill; c++) 
     { 
      // clean the input bufer 
      while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n' && ch != EOF); 
      // read data 
      printf("cell [%d, %d] : ", r + 1, c + 1); // or just r, c if you prefer 0..(N-1) indexing 
      while (matrix[r][c] != 'o' && matrix[r][c] != '.' && matrix[r][c] != 'E') 
      { 
       scanf("%c", &matrix[r][c]); 
      } 
      if (matrix[r][c] == 'E') 
      { 
       fulfill = 0; 
      } 
     } 
    } 
    // output 
    printf("\nResult is:\n"); 
    for (r = 0; r < rows; r++) 
    { 
     for (c = 0; c < cols; c++) 
     { 
      printf("%c", matrix[r][c]); 
     } 
     printf("\n"); 
    } 
} 

Answer 1

考慮下面的例子：

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 

int main(void) 
{ 
    char** matrix; // now it is a pointer and memory will be allocated after getting values of rows and columns 
    int rows = 0, cols = 0; 
    while (rows < 1) 
    { 
     printf("What is the number of rows (should be >= 1)? "); 
     scanf("%d", &rows); 
    } 
    while (cols < 1) 
    { 
     printf("What is the number of columns (should be >= 1)? "); 
     scanf("%d", &cols); 
    } 
    // part 1 for memory allocation 
    matrix = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*) * rows); 
    // fill the matrix 
    printf("Please, fill the matrix by entering o for occupied or . for unoccupied cell (other chars will be ignored)\n"); 
    int r, c, ch; 
    for (r = 0; r < rows; r++) 
    { 
     // part 2 for memory allocation - memory for each row 
     matrix[r] = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * cols); 
     for (c = 0; c < cols; c++) 
     { 
      // read while apropriate character was found 
      while ((ch = getchar()) != 'o' && ch != '.'); 
      // save character to matrix 
      matrix[r][c] = ch; 
     } 
    } 
    // output 
    printf("\nResult is:\n"); 
    for (r = 0; r < rows; r++) 
    { 
     for (c = 0; c < cols; c++) 
     { 
      printf("%c", matrix[r][c]); 
     } 
     printf("\n"); 
    } 
    // free the memory 
    for (r = 0; r < rows; r++) 
    { 
     free(matrix[r]); 
    } 
    free(matrix); 
} 

在這裏數據被存儲在堆（動態內存，由malloc分配，或其他類似的功能），儘管使用相同的嵌套循環進入我不同的。你看，它是如何工作的：

What is the number of rows (should be >= 1)? 3 
What is the number of columns (should be >= 1)? 3 
Please, fill the matrix by entering o for occupied or . for unoccupied cell (other chars will be ignored) 
o.o 
.o. 
o.o 

Result is: 
o.o 
.o. 
o.o 

用戶可以使用回車鍵被排進行啓動新行，或只是一個爲所有單元格中鍵入o和.一個（填寫將在任何情況下，逐行） 。不必要的元素以及不合適的字符（不同於o和.）將被忽略。例如：

What is the number of rows (should be >= 1)? 4 
What is the number of columns (should be >= 1)? 5 
Please, fill the matrix by entering o for occupied or . for unoccupied cell (other chars will be ignored) 
ooZooCooXooOoo 
...... 
........XXX 

Result is: 
ooooo 
ooooo 
..... 
.....