如何分析這樣的異常？

Question

當調試我的應用程序時，我得到以下異常。

我知道它與INotify屬性的更新方法有關，但如何找出究竟發生了什麼問題。我無法得到一個體面的堆棧調用。

完整例外信息是：當XAML初始化（在MainWindow.xaml文件在第4行）觸發錯誤初始化代碼

System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException was unhandled 
HResult=-2146233087 
    Message='The invocation of the constructor on type 'PcgTools.MainWindow' that matches the specified binding constraints threw an exception.' Line number '4' and line position '9'. 
Source=PresentationFramework 
LineNumber=4 
LinePosition=9 
StackTrace: 
    at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load(XamlReader xamlReader, IXamlObjectWriterFactory writerFactory, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlObjectWriterSettings settings, Uri baseUri) 
    at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.LoadBaml(XamlReader xamlReader, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlAccessLevel accessLevel, Uri baseUri) 
    at System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.LoadBaml(Stream stream, ParserContext parserContext, Object parent, Boolean closeStream) 
    at System.Windows.Application.LoadBamlStreamWithSyncInfo(Stream stream, ParserContext pc) 
    at System.Windows.Application.LoadComponent(Uri resourceLocator, Boolean bSkipJournaledProperties) 
    at System.Windows.Application.DoStartup() 
    at System.Windows.Application.<.ctor>b__1(Object unused) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs) 
    at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeImpl() 
    at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx) 
    at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx) 
    at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.Invoke() 
    at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.ProcessQueue() 
    at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WndProcHook(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) 
    at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) 
    at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs) 
    at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.LegacyInvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs) 
    at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.SubclassWndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) 
    at MS.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessage(MSG& msg) 
    at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame) 
    at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window) 
    at System.Windows.Application.Run() 
    at PcgTools.App.Main() in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\obj\Debug\App.g.cs:line 0 


InnerException: System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException 
     HResult=-2146233086 
     Message=Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection. 
Parameter name: index 
     Source=mscorlib 
     ParamName=index 
     StackTrace: 
      at System.Collections.Generic.List`1.get_Item(Int32 index) 
      at PcgTools.Model.Common.Synth.Timbre.get_UsedProgram() in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\Model\Common\Synth\Timbre.cs:line 137 
      at PcgTools.Model.Common.Synth.Timbre.RefillColumns() in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\Model\Common\Synth\Timbre.cs:line 612 
      at PcgTools.Model.Common.Synth.Timbre.OnPcgRootPropertyChanged(Object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\Model\Common\Synth\Timbre.cs:line 574 
      at System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler.Invoke(Object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) 
      at Common.Mvvm.ObservableObject.OnPropertyChanged(String propertyName, Boolean verifyPropertyName) in c:\PcgTools\nodes\Common\Mvvm\ObservableObject.cs:line 47 
      at PcgTools.Model.Common.Synth.Memory.set_ReadingFinished(Boolean value) in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\Model\Common\Synth\Memory.cs:line 74 
      at PcgTools.Model.Common.File.KorgFileReader.Read(String fileName) in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\Model\Common\File\KorgFileReader.cs:line 116 
      at PcgTools.ViewModels.MainViewModel.ReadAndShowFile(String fileName, Boolean checkAutoLoadMasterFileSetting) in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\ViewModels\MainViewModel.cs:line 367 
      at PcgTools.ViewModels.MainViewModel.HandleAppArguments() in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\ViewModels\MainViewModel.cs:line 1030 
      at PcgTools.MainWindow..ctor() in c:\PcgTools\nodes\KorgKronosTools\MainWindow.xaml.cs:line 221 
     InnerException: 

Answer 1

這種消息的apeears。真正的原因在內部例外中描述。這表明在Timbre.cs:line 137列表中訪問了一個無效的索引。

因爲它顯示該文件的行號，我假設你有它的源代碼，至少在.pdb文件的形式。比你可以在那裏設置一個斷點，看看發生了什麼。

跟蹤這種不清晰的異常的絕佳工具是IntelliTrace，但它僅適用於VS Ultimate。