如何返回符合特定條件的特定行

Question

我在SQL中是全新的。我正在處理一個只能從表中返回特定行的查詢。 （請參閱下面的示例源表和所需的輸出）。有人能幫我弄清楚這個嗎？我已經嘗試通過遍歷行來搜索相關主題，但未能找到我所尋找的答案。謝謝。

樣品表

Machine Station Defect Code CreateTime 
1   LU  f1   8/20/2013 7:07 
1   LU  f2   8/20/2013 7:07 
1   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:08 
1   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:09 
1   SLC  d3   8/20/2013 7:10 
1   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:10 
1   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:11 
1   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:17 
1   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:20 
1   UL  f3   8/20/2013 7:26 
1   UL  f4   8/20/2013 7:26 
1   UL  f3   8/20/2013 7:26 
1   UL  f4   8/20/2013 7:26 
2   LU  f2   8/20/2013 7:29 
2   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:31 
2   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:38 
2   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:38 
2   SLC  d3   8/20/2013 7:39 
2   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:39 
2   SLC  d4   8/20/2013 7:39 
2   SLC  d5   8/20/2013 7:42 
2   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:43 
2   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:52 
2   SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:53 
2   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:53 
2   SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:54 
2   SLC  d4   8/20/2013 7:55 
2   SLC  d5   8/20/2013 7:56 

所需結果：

OCAP觸發MACHINE1。 d1多次發生

Machine Station Defect Code CreateTime 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:08 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:10 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:17 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:20 

在機器上觸發的OCAP1。 D1連續occurence

Machine Station Defect Code CreateTime 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:17 
1  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:20 

OCAP觸發機2 D1連續occurence

Machine Station Defect Code CreateTime 
2  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:31 
2  SLC  d1   8/20/2013 7:38 

OCAP觸發機2 D2多個occurence

Machine Station Defect Code CreateTime 
2  SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:38 
2  SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:39 
2  SLC  d2   8/20/2013 7:53 

Answer 1

多次出現將是最容易的。你算多少可以每個組合的查找和選擇那些具有計數大於3

SELECT S.Machine, 
     S.Station, 
     S.DefectCode, 
     S.CreateTime 
FROM (SELECT Machine, 
       Station, 
       DefectCode, 
       CreateTime, 
       COUNT(CreateTime) OVER (PARTITION BY Machine, Station, DefectCode) AS DefectCount 
     FROM SAMPLE 
     WHERE Machine = :machine) S 
WHERE S.DefectCount > 3 

連續發生難度有點困難（下面的查詢可能不是最優化的一個）。假設連續爲「連續的日期」，你可以嘗試以下方法：

WITH OrderedSample 
AS (SELECT Machine, 
      Station, 
      DefectCode, 
      CreateTime, 
      ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY CreateTime) AS RowNr 
    FROM SAMPLE 
    WHERE Machine = :machine) 

SELECT Current.Machine, 
     Current.Station, 
     Current.DefectCode, 
     Current.CreateTime 
FROM OrderedSample Current 
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 
       FROM OrderedSample Next 
       WHERE Current.Machine = Next.Machine 
       AND Current.Station = Next.Station 
       AND Current.DefectCode = Next.DefectCode 
       AND Current.RowNr = Next.RowNr - 1) 
OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 
       FROM OrderedSample Prev 
       WHERE Current.Machine = Prev.Machine 
       AND Current.Station = Prev.Station 
       AND Current.DefectCode = Prev.DefectCode 
       AND Current.RowNr = Prev.RowNr + 1) 

編輯

就實現了第二個查詢變得更容易一點，因爲你是用一個固定的機工作：

WITH OrderedSample 
AS (SELECT Machine, 
      Station, 
      DefectCode, 
      CreateTime, 
      ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY CreateTime) AS RowNr 
    FROM SAMPLE 
    WHERE Machine = :machine) 

SELECT Curr.Machine, 
     Curr.Station, 
     Curr.DefectCode, 
     Curr.CreateTime, RowNr 
FROM OrderedSample Curr 
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 
       FROM OrderedSample Next 
       WHERE Curr.Station = Next.Station 
       AND Curr.DefectCode = Next.DefectCode 
       AND Curr.RowNr = Next.RowNr - 1) 
OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 
       FROM OrderedSample Prev 
       WHERE Curr.Station = Prev.Station 
       AND Curr.DefectCode = Prev.DefectCode 
       AND Curr.RowNr = Prev.RowNr + 1) 

編輯2：剛注意到機器&站是兩列，編輯

編輯3：基於Sql Fiddle example