問題在Ubuntu上安裝引入nokogiri（1.5.2）12.10

Question

我運行Ubuntu 12.10，而當我運行命令：

bundle install 

我得到：

Installing nokogiri (1.5.2) with native extensions 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. 

/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
extconf.rb:10: Use RbConfig instead of obsolete and deprecated Config. 
checking for libxml/parser.h... yes 
checking for libxslt/xslt.h... yes 
checking for libexslt/exslt.h... yes 
checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... yes 
checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... yes 
checking for xsltParseStylesheetDoc() in -lxslt... yes 
checking for exsltFuncRegister() in -lexslt... yes 
checking for xmlHasFeature()... yes 
checking for xmlFirstElementChild()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
creating Makefile 

make 
compiling xml_processing_instruction.c 
compiling xml_node.c 
compiling html_entity_lookup.c 
compiling xml_syntax_error.c 
compiling xml_document.c 
xml_document.c: In function ‘set_encoding’: 
xml_document.c:159:12: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual] 
xml_document.c: In function ‘canonicalize’: 
xml_document.c:505:15: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual] 
compiling xml_encoding_handler.c 
compiling xml_namespace.c 
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘prefix’: 
xml_namespace.c:14:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] 
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘href’: 
xml_namespace.c:33:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] 
compiling xml_entity_decl.c 
compiling xml_attribute_decl.c 
compiling xml_comment.c 
compiling xml_dtd.c 
compiling xml_xpath_context.c 
xml_xpath_context.c: In function ‘xpath_generic_exception_handler’: 
xml_xpath_context.c:189:3: error: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Werror=format-security] 
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors 
make: *** [xml_xpath_context.o] Error 1 


Gem files will remain installed in /home/site/.bundler/tmp/19240/gems/nokogiri-1.5.2 for inspection. 
Results logged to /home/site/.bundler/tmp/19240/gems/nokogiri-1.5.2/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out 
An error occured while installing nokogiri (1.5.2), and Bundler cannot continue. 
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2'` succeeds before bundling. 

當我運行：

gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2' 

我得到：

site@ubuntu:~/Documents/shopqi$ gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2' 
malloc_limit=60000000 (8000000) 
free_min=50000 (4096) 
Building native extensions. This could take a while... 
Successfully installed nokogiri-1.5.2 
1 gem installed 
Installing ri documentation for nokogiri-1.5.2... 
Installing RDoc documentation for nokogiri-1.5.2... 
site@ubuntu:~/Documents/shopqi$ 

沒有錯誤，但如果我再次嘗試bundle install，我會收到Nokogiri未安裝的錯誤。

gem_make.out的運行sudo的創業板之後的內容安裝引入nokogiri -v '1.5.2' 是：

/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
extconf.rb:10: Use RbConfig instead of obsolete and deprecated Config. 
checking for libxml/parser.h... yes 
checking for libxslt/xslt.h... yes 
checking for libexslt/exslt.h... yes 
checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... yes 
checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... yes 
checking for xsltParseStylesheetDoc() in -lxslt... yes 
checking for exsltFuncRegister() in -lexslt... yes 
checking for xmlHasFeature()... yes 
checking for xmlFirstElementChild()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes 
checking for xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes 
creating Makefile 

make 
compiling xml_processing_instruction.c 
compiling xml_node.c 
compiling html_entity_lookup.c 
compiling xml_syntax_error.c 
compiling xml_document.c 
xml_document.c: In function ‘set_encoding’: 
xml_document.c:159:12: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual] 
xml_document.c: In function ‘canonicalize’: 
xml_document.c:505:15: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual] 
compiling xml_encoding_handler.c 
compiling xml_namespace.c 
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘prefix’: 
xml_namespace.c:14:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] 
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘href’: 
xml_namespace.c:33:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] 
compiling xml_entity_decl.c 
compiling xml_attribute_decl.c 
compiling xml_comment.c 
compiling xml_dtd.c 
compiling xml_xpath_context.c 
xml_xpath_context.c: In function ‘xpath_generic_exception_handler’: 
xml_xpath_context.c:189:3: error: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Werror=format-security] 
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors 
make: *** [xml_xpath_context.o] Error 1 

任何幫助嗎？

Answer 1

請先嚐試：

$ apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev 

另外，如果你正在使用RVM，做到：

$ rvm requirements 

Answer 2

的Ubuntu 12.10採用Debian的硬化包裝，其中包括一組默認標誌爲GCC是導致此編譯錯誤。我們已經在Nokogiri 1.5.4及更高版本中解決了這個問題，因此您需要升級或找到自己的解決方法。

請參閱here for information on Debian hardening。

請參閱here for details on the solution used by Team Nokogiri。