C++靜態變量聲明奇怪的鏈接器錯誤

Question

我想計算已使用某個構造函數創建的對象的數量。我之前在C#之類的語言中這樣做過，所以我創建了一個static int變量，我在構造函數中遞增。

之前，我告訴你的代碼 - 這裏是compilement錯誤：

Severity Code Description Project File Line Suppression State Error LNK2001 unresolved external symbol "private: static int Bill::count_of_created_bills" (?count_of_created_bills@Bill@@0HA) Ausgabenverwaltung c:\Users\xy\documents\visual studio 2017\Projects\Ausgabenverwaltung\Ausgabenverwaltung\Ausgabenverwaltung.obj 1

這裏是代碼：

#pragma once 
class Bill 
{ 
private: 
    static int count_of_created_bills; 
    int id;    // Unique Identification 
    double ammount;  // Ammount of bill  
    int month;   // Month of bill (January = 0, February = 1 ...) 
    int type_of_spending; // Type of spending (Food = 0 ...) 
public: 
    Bill(int a, int m, int t):ammount(a), month(m), type_of_spending(t) 
    { 
     count_of_created_bills++; 
     id = count_of_created_bills; 
    } 
}; 

的compilement錯誤occurrs如果我包括這行：

Bill b(1, 2, 3);

Answer 1

你忘了添加初始化：

Bill::Bill(int a, int m, int t):ammount(a), month(m), type_of_spending(t) 
    { 

     std::cout << "::Ros-App!" << Foo::count_of_created_bills << std::endl; 
     Foo::count_of_created_bills++; 
     id = count_of_created_bills; 
    } 
int Bill::count_of_created_bills = 0;