如何在Python中嵌套異步上下文管理器3

Question

假設我們有兩個通常以嵌套方式一起使用的異步上下文管理器，但只有第二個的結果通常在主體中使用。例如，如果我們發現自己這個輸入很多：

async with context_mgr_1() as cm1: 
    async with cm2.context_mgr_2() as cm2: 
     ...do something with cm2... 

我們怎樣才能創造出巢這些上下文管理一個上下文管理器，以便我們可以這樣做：

async with context_mgr_2() as cm2: 
    ...do something with cm2... 

contextlib.nested用於爲非異步上下文管理器完成此操作，但是我在asyncio中找不到這樣的幫助器。

Answer 1

在內部，我已經開始使用它作爲異步管理器來同步和異步上下文管理器。它允許AsyncExitStack風格的推式語義以及簡單地包裝多個管理器。

這是相當不錯的測試，但我不發佈測試或支持此計劃，讓您自擔風險使用...

import asyncio 
import logging 
import sys 

from functools import wraps 

class AsyncContextManagerChain(object): 

    def __init__(self, *managers): 
     self.managers = managers 
     self.stack = [] 
     self.values = [] 

    async def push(self, manager): 
     try: 
      if hasattr(manager, '__aenter__'): 
       value = await manager.__aenter__() 
      else: 
       value = manager.__enter__() 

      self.stack.append(manager) 
      self.values.append(value) 
      return value 
     except: 
      # if we encounter an exception somewhere along our enters, 
      # we'll stop adding to the stack, and pop everything we've 
      # added so far, to simulate what would happen when an inner 
      # block raised an exception. 
      swallow = await self.__aexit__(*sys.exc_info()) 
      if not swallow: 
       raise 

    async def __aenter__(self): 
     value = None 

     for manager in self.managers: 
      value = await self.push(manager) 

     return value 

    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb): 
     excChanged = False 
     swallow = False # default value 
     while self.stack: 
      # no matter what the outcome, we want to attempt to call __aexit__ on 
      # all context managers 
      try: 
       swallow = await self._pop(exc_type, exc, tb) 
       if swallow: 
        # if we swallow an exception on an inner cm, outer cms would 
        # not receive it at all... 
        exc_type = None 
        exc = None 
        tb = None 
      except: 
       # if we encounter an exception while exiting, that is the 
       # new execption we send upward 
       excChanged = True 
       (exc_type, exc, tb) = sys.exc_info() 
       swallow = False 

     if exc is None: 
      # when we make it to the end, if exc is None, it was swallowed 
      # somewhere along the line, and we've exited everything successfully, 
      # so tell python to swallow the exception for real 
      return True 
     elif excChanged: 
      # if the exception has been changed, we need to raise it here 
      # because otherwise python will just raise the original exception 
      if not swallow: 
       raise exc 
     else: 
      # we have the original exception still, we just let python handle it... 
      return swallow 

    async def _pop(self, exc_type, exc, tb): 
    manager = self.stack.pop() 
    if hasattr(manager, '__aexit__'): 
     return await manager.__aexit__(exc_type, exc, tb) 
    else: 
     return manager.__exit__(exc_type, exc, tb) 

Answer 2

凱文的回答不遵循contextlib.ExitStack impl在3.5.2中，所以我已經開始創建一個基於python 3.5.2的官方impl。如果我發現任何問題，我會更新impl。

GitHub的要點鏈接：https://gist.github.com/thehesiod/b8442ed50e27a23524435a22f10c04a0