如何制定T-SQL以避免主鍵約束？

Question

我試圖建立一個查詢只返回非重複記錄，這樣我可以把它們添加到我的數據庫，但我不斷收到此錯誤：

Msg 2627, Level 14, State 1, Line 1
Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'PK_j5c_MasterMeasures'.
Cannot insert duplicate key in object 'dbo.j5c_MasterMeasures'.
The statement has been terminated.

這是我用我的最新查詢：

CREATE TABLE #GOOD_RECORDS3 (STUDENTID VARCHAR(50), MEASUREDATE SMALLDATETIME, 
measurename VARCHAR(100), LabelName VARCHAR(100), score_10 VARCHAR(100)) 
INSERT INTO #GOOD_RECORDS3 
select A.studentid, A.measuredate, B.measurename, B.LabelName, A.score_10 
from [J5C_Measures_Sys] A join [J5C_ListBoxMeasures_Sys] B on 
A.MeasureID = B.MeasureID 
where score_10 is not null and score_10 <> '0' 
except 
select A.studentid, A.measuredate, B.measurename, B.LabelName, A.score_10 
from [J5C_Measures_Sys] A join [J5C_ListBoxMeasures_Sys] B on 
A.MeasureID = B.MeasureID 
where score_10 is not null and score_10 <> '0' 
GROUP BY A.studentid, A.measuredate, B.measurename, B.LabelName, A.score_10 
having COUNT(A.score_10) > 1 

delete #GOOD_RECORDS3 
from #GOOD_RECORDS3 a 
join sysobjects so on so.name = 'J5C_Measures_Sys' AND so.type = 'u' 
join syscolumns sc on so.id = sc.id and sc.name = 'score_10' 
join [J5C_MeasureNamesV2_Sys] v on v.Score_field_id = sc.name 
WHERE A.SCORE_10 IS NOT NULL AND A.STUDENTID IS NOT NULL AND 
A.MEASUREID IS NOT NULL 
and exists (select 1 from J5C_MasterMeasures M 
where M.StudentID = A.StudentID 
and M.MeasureID = A.MeasureID) 

Insert into J5C_MasterMeasures (studentid, measuredate, measureid, nce) 
select A.studentid, A.measuredate, a.MEASUREID, A.score_10 
from #GOOD_RECORDS3 a 
join sysobjects so on so.name = 'J5C_Measures_Sys' AND so.type = 'u' 
join syscolumns sc on so.id = sc.id and sc.name = 'score_10' 
join [J5C_MeasureNamesV2_Sys] v on v.Score_field_id = sc.name 
WHERE A.SCORE_10 IS NOT NULL AND A.STUDENTID IS NOT NULL AND 
A.MEASUREID IS NOT NULL 

關於這個混淆的部分是從M5C_Measures_Sys = B.measurename + ' ' + B.Labelname該MeasureId。這是一些示例數據從#GOOD_RECORDS3：

1 2006-03-01 00:00:00 ISAT Reading ISAT Reading 564 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Reading TerraNova Reading  19 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Science TerraNova Science  26 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Total Battery TerraNova Total Battery  22 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Total Language TerraNova Total Language 43 

所以你可以看到，b.measurename = b.labelname。上面的錯誤發生在插入。

結果低於你的答案查詢：

1 2006-03-01 00:00:00 ISAT Reading ISAT Reading 564 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Reading TerraNova Reading 19 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Science TerraNova Science 26 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Total Battery TerraNova Total Battery  22 
10005 2003-11-17 00:00:00 TerraNova Total Language TerraNova Total Language 43 

Answer 1

出題目有點...

而不是使用CREATE TABLE #GOOD_RECORDS3你可以做DECLARE @Good_Records3 TABLE (FieldDefinition...).

如果PrimaryKey的是在列measureid那麼你仍然重複從查詢中返回的id。

什麼查詢

select A.studentid, A.measuredate, a.MEASUREID, A.score_10 
from #GOOD_RECORDS3 a 
join sysobjects so on so.name = 'J5C_Measures_Sys' AND so.type = 'u' 
join syscolumns sc on so.id = sc.id and sc.name = 'score_10' 
join [J5C_MeasureNamesV2_Sys] v on v.Score_field_id = sc.name 
WHERE A.SCORE_10 IS NOT NULL AND A.STUDENTID IS NOT NULL AND A.MEASUREID IS NOT NULL 

回報？沒有重複MEASUREID-values？

Answer 2

我認爲插入到J5C_MasterMeasures表時將記錄提取到＃GOOD_RECORDS3表中。請確定J5C_MasterMeasures PRIMARY KEY是什麼。然後打印＃GOOD_RECORDS3記錄以查找可能違反J5C_MasterMeasures主鍵約束的重複項。

希望幫助，

Answer 3

首先聲明一個表中

declare @dupetable table(did int, dcount int) 

存儲重複細節然後聲明兩個變量，一個用於存儲記錄有重複的總數，一個作爲循環計數器：

declare @dupecount int, @loopcounter int 

然後用有重複記錄的列表，而且每一個都有重複的次數填充重複表：

insert into @dupetable --Populate duplicate table 
(did, dcount) 
select id, COUNT(*) 
from #GOOD_RECORDS3 
group by id     --Replace ID with whatever the primary key is 
having COUNT(*) > 1 

接下來，得到的記錄有重複總數：

select @dupecount = COUNT(*)  
from @dupetable 

然後初始化循環計數器：

set @loopcounter = 0 

代碼應該然後通過重複的表圈，選擇頂部記錄，刪除所有重複條目，然後從臨時文件刪除它@dupetable：

while @loopcounter < @dupecount --Loop through duplicate records 
begin 
select * from @dupetable 
set @loopcounter = @loopcounter + 1 --Increase the counter by 1 
Declare @ldid int, @ldcount int   --Declare variables for storing the duplicate id and the number of dupes 
select top 1 @ldid = did, @ldcount = dcount --Populate those variables 
from @dupetable 
delete from @dupetable  --Remove record from dupe table 
where did = @ldid 
declare @rcval int  --Declare variable for setting rowcount 
set @rcval = @ldcount - 1 --Set the rowcount val to the number of duplicate rows -1 
set rowcount @rcval  --Set the rowcount val to the number of duplicate rows -1 
delete from @testtbl  --Delete the duplicate records from the table 
where id = @ldid 
end  --End loop 

這不是太優雅，但我相信它的工作原理。