Django：測試抽象模型

Question

我有一個簡單的抽象類，我想爲此編寫一個單元測試。 我使用的Django 1.10和最多answers I have found在那裏多年，也許是過時的。 我試圖從Vinod Kurup解決方案：

# tests/test_foo.py 
from django.db import models 
from django.test import TestCase 

from ..models import MyAbstractModel 

class MyTestModel(MyAbstractModel): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20) 

    class Meta: 
     app_label = 'myappname' 

class AbstractTest(TestCase): 
    def test_my_test_model(self): 
     self.assertTrue(MyTestModel.objects.create(name='foo')) 

在那裏測試使用Django 1.10的工作就像從維諾德Kurup一個抽象模型中的任何簡單的現代方法？

編輯：

代碼爲我的抽象模型：

class FlagsModel(models.Model): 

    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) 
    modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) 

    reported = models.BooleanField(default=False) 
    deleted = models.BooleanField(default=False) 

    class Meta: 
     abstract = True 

這是我的測試文件：

from ..models import RecipeModel, FlagsModel 

class FlagsTestModel(FlagsModel): 

    class Meta: 
     app_label = 'recipes' 


class FlagsModelAbstractTest(TestCase): 

    def test_my_test_model(self): 
     self.assertTrue(FlagsTestModel.objects.create()) 

我得到的錯誤是：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: relation "recipes_flagstestmodel" does not exist 
LINE 1: ...eported", "recipes_flagstestmodel"."deleted" FROM "recipes_f... 
                  ^


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "manage.py", line 22, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 367, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 359, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 29, in run_from_argv 
    super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 305, in run_from_argv 
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 356, in execute 
    output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 72, in handle 
    failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 549, in run_tests 
    old_config = self.setup_databases() 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 499, in setup_databases 
    self.parallel, **kwargs 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 743, in setup_databases 
    serialize=connection.settings_dict.get("TEST", {}).get("SERIALIZE", True), 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 78, in create_test_db 
    self.connection._test_serialized_contents = self.serialize_db_to_string() 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 122, in serialize_db_to_string 
    serializers.serialize("json", get_objects(), indent=None, stream=out) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/serializers/__init__.py", line 129, in serialize 
    s.serialize(queryset, **options) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 79, in serialize 
    for count, obj in enumerate(queryset, start=1): 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 118, in get_objects 
    for obj in queryset.iterator(): 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 54, in __iter__ 
    results = compiler.execute_sql() 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 835, in execute_sql 
    cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__ 
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise 
    raise value.with_traceback(tb) 
    File "/home/arch/.environments/djanveg_dev/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "recipes_flagstestmodel" does not exist 
LINE 1: ...eported", "recipes_flagstestmodel"."deleted" FROM "recipes_f... 

Answer 1

問題是您沒有將該模型遷移到數據庫，這是因爲您在測試文件內創建了模型，Django僅檢查models.py文件中的模型，因此將下一個代碼移動到models.py文件中：

class FlagsTestModel(FlagsModel): 

    class Meta: 
     app_label = 'recipes' 

然後運行python manage.py makemigrations和python manage.py mgirate創建數據庫裏面的表，按預期一切都將正常工作。