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在編譯時鏈接vs在運行時鏈接到std ::庫

2011-11-04 118 views
3

首先問題： 我需要一種方法，而不在/etc/ld.so.conf.d中放置配置文件，以允許客戶端根據我的SDK構建RHEL5.7和RHEL6.1都使用默認安裝的gcc。在這種情況下，設置LD_LIBRARY_PATH不起作用。有沒有其他方法可以讓客戶與我的SDK鏈接，而無需向他們提供關於如何配置他們的系統的知識庫文章？請閱讀下面的說明。在編譯時鏈接vs在運行時鏈接到std ::庫

秒塞納里奧：

我負責兩個RHEL5和RHEL6運行時SDK的版本。我的RHEL5.7盒子和我的RHEL6.1盒子一樣是標準的非註冊安裝。然而，在我的RHEL6箱我編的gcc自己：

[[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release; gcc --version 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga) 
gcc (GCC) 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51) 
Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO 
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOS

-

[[email protected] session2]$ cat /etc/redhat-release; gcc --version 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.1 (Santiago) 
gcc (GCC) 4.5.2 
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO 
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

-

我不能提供的。所以，我試圖來鏈接.a文件。但是，我會試圖描述發生的事情。採取相同的來源，並對我的SDK構建並運行它。我得到如下結果：

RHEL 6盒：

[[email protected] session2]$ ls -l 
total 1848 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  189 Nov 3 13:02 main.cpp 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  845 Nov 3 13:02 mainwindow.cpp 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  288 Nov 3 13:02 mainwindow.h 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mehoggan mehoggan 25818 Nov 4 09:26 Session2 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  649 Nov 3 13:02 Session2.pro 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 1847296 Nov 3 13:02 vc90.pdb 
[[email protected] session2]$ qmake 
[[email protected] session2]$ cat Session2.pro 
#------------------------------------------------- 
# 
# Project created by QtCreator 2011-10-21T09:32:55 
# 
#------------------------------------------------- 

QT += core gui 

TARGET = Session2 
TEMPLATE = app 


SOURCES += main.cpp\ 
     mainwindow.cpp 

HEADERS += mainwindow.h 

#Modify the path accordingly 
CONFIG += debug_and_release 
INCLUDEPATH += "/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/include" 
CONFIG(debug, debug|release) { 
    LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \ 
      -lArcGISQtd 
} else { 
    LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \ 
      -lArcGISQt 
} 
[[email protected] session2]$ make 
make -f Makefile.Release 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2' 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/main.o main.cpp 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/mainwindow.o mainwindow.cpp 
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/bin/moc -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease mainwindow.h -o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/moc_mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp 
g++ -m64 -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -o Session2 release/main.o release/mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.o -L/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -L/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin -lArcGISQt -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2' 
[[email protected] session2]$ echo ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine/supp:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine/supp: 
[[email protected] session2]$ ./Session2 
./Session2: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.14' not found (required by /home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so.1)

如果我運行下面的命令：export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib64:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}; ./Session2或設置路徑的libstdc編譯版本++中/etc/ld.so.conf.d應用程序運行。

RHEL5盒：

[[email protected] session2]$ ls -l 
total 1852 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  189 Nov 3 15:21 main.cpp 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  845 Nov 3 15:21 mainwindow.cpp 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  288 Nov 3 15:21 mainwindow.h 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan  649 Nov 3 15:21 Session2.pro 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 25151 Nov 3 15:51 Session2.pro.user 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 1847296 Nov 3 15:21 vc90.pdb 
[[email protected] session2]$ qmake 
[[email protected] session2]$ ls -l ./Session2.pro 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 649 Nov 3 15:21 ./Session2.pro 
[[email protected] session2]$ cat ./Session2.pro 
#------------------------------------------------- 
# 
# Project created by QtCreator 2011-10-21T09:32:55 
# 
#------------------------------------------------- 

QT += core gui 

TARGET = Session2 
TEMPLATE = app 


SOURCES += main.cpp\ 
     mainwindow.cpp 

HEADERS += mainwindow.h 

#Modify the path accordingly 
CONFIG += debug_and_release 
INCLUDEPATH += "/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/include" 
CONFIG(debug, debug|release) { 
    LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \ 
      -lArcGISQtd 
} else { 
    LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \ 
      -lArcGISQt 
} 
[[email protected] session2]$ make 
make -f Makefile.Release 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2' 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/main.o main.cpp 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/mainwindow.o mainwindow.cpp 
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/bin/moc -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease mainwindow.h -o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp 
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/moc_mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp 
g++ -m64 -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -o Session2 release/main.o release/mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.o -L/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -L/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin -lArcGISQt -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread 
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib/libQtGui.so: undefined reference to `FT_Library_SetLcdFilter' 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::_List_node_base::_M_unhook()@GLIBCXX_3.4.14' 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::__ostream_insert<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*, long)@GLIBCXX_3.4.9' 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::_List_node_base::_M_hook(std::_List_node_base*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.14' 
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib/libQtGui.so: undefined reference to `FcFreeTypeQueryFace' 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::_M_insert<double>(double)@GLIBCXX_3.4.9' 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::ctype<char>::_M_widen_init() [email protected]X_3.4.11' 
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status 
make[1]: *** [Session2] Error 1 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2' 
make: *** [release] Error 2

這越來越成爲一個很長的帖子，我想我已經提供了足夠的啓動幫助。如果您需要任何特定的幫助，請告訴我。

關於我鏈接的libstdC++的最後一點信息。

RHEL6: 
[[email protected] session2]$ strings /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIB 
GLIBCXX_3.4 
GLIBCXX_3.4.1 
GLIBCXX_3.4.2 
GLIBCXX_3.4.3 
GLIBCXX_3.4.4 
GLIBCXX_3.4.5 
GLIBCXX_3.4.6 
GLIBCXX_3.4.7 
GLIBCXX_3.4.8 
GLIBCXX_3.4.9 
GLIBCXX_3.4.10 
GLIBCXX_3.4.11 
GLIBCXX_3.4.12 
GLIBCXX_3.4.13 
GLIBCXX_3.4.14 
GLIBC_2.2.5 
GLIBC_2.3 
GLIBC_2.3.2 
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW 
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH

RHEL5：

[[email protected] session2]$ strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC 
GLIBCXX_3.4 
GLIBCXX_3.4.1 
GLIBCXX_3.4.2 
GLIBCXX_3.4.3 
GLIBCXX_3.4.4 
GLIBCXX_3.4.5 
GLIBCXX_3.4.6 
GLIBCXX_3.4.7 
GLIBCXX_3.4.8 
GLIBC_2.3 
GLIBC_2.3.2 
GLIBC_2.4 
GLIBC_2.2.5 
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW

來源

2011-11-04 Matthew Hoggan

回答

3

它看起來像你的Qt庫（libQtGui.so和libArcGISQt​​.so）對GLIBCXX_3.4.14的依賴，這是不存在的RHEL 5中，可能就像你在RHEL 6盒子上構建並安裝它（Qt）一樣。您需要在RHEL 5上構建Qt，或者在RHEL 5框中提供對更新後的3.4.14 lib的訪問。任何想運行二進制文件的人都需要訪問它所針對的共享庫的正確版本。

爲了能夠訪問庫，它需要在有問題的計算機上可讀，並且位於ld.so.conf中配置的位置，在應用程序的LD_LIBRARY_PATH envvar中運行，或通過-rpath鏈接選項配置爲可執行文件。

我發現一個鏈接選項非常有用，用於避免/處理此問題是-Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN'。這將導致應用程序查看包含動態庫可執行文件的目錄以及ld.so.conf（並優先於）。因此，您可以構建一個可執行文件併爲其提供一個包含可執行文件和一堆.so動態庫的包，並告訴他們「要麼將.so文件安裝在您的機器上，要麼將它們全部放在與可執行文件相同的目錄中，無論您喜歡哪一個「然後他們可以運行可執行文件，而不會有太多麻煩。這允許使用幾乎任何Linux變體的單個二進制包。

注意，當你把這個選項在Makefile中通常需要將-Wl,-rpath,'$$ORIGIN'作爲補充將把$作爲變量擴展（$$擴展到$）。 qmake可能是一樣的。

來源

2011-11-04 18:31:57

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