CSV到JSON Python，將組類別附加到詞典

Question

我將開始我要說的話：「我是一個使用可怕'數據庫'的noob」。下面是我的csv當前json輸出的結構（下面的輪廓）。本質上，我試圖做的是將A（信息技術）欄中的「組」添加到每個「數據」字典中，因此有一個「組」鍵：值看起來像「組」：「信息技術」。然後，第5行（可選消費品）下的所有內容都將具有「組合」：「消費者自主選擇」鍵值。

{ 
    "stocks": [ 
    { 
     "data": { 
     "portfolio_average_weight": "5.985" 
     "portfolio_total_return": "27.948" 
     }, 
     "name": "Google Inc    " 
    }, 
    { 
     "data": { 
     "portfolio_average_weight": "2.896", 
     "portfolio_total_return": "24.292" 
     }, 
     "name": "Mastercard Inc   " 
    }] 
} 

Column A       Column B   Column C  Column D 

Information Technology   [blank cell]  [blank cell]  [blank cell] 
[blank cell]      Google   5.985   27.948 
[blank cell]      Mastercard   2.896   24.292 
Consumer Discretionary   [blank cell]  [blank cell]  [blank cell] 
[blank cell]      xxxxxx   xxxxxxxxx   xxxxxxxxx 

這裏是我當前的代碼：

with open('test.csv', 'rU') as csvfile: 
    lines = csv.reader(csvfile) 
    for line in lines: 
     elif line[0] == "" and line[1] != "": 
     data = test_two_level(line) 
     bottom_level = { 
     "name": line[2], 
     "data": data} 

def test_two_level(line): 
    data = { 
     "portfolio_average_weight":line[3], 
     "portfolio_total_return":line[4]} 
    return data 

我想最終的輸出是什麼樣子：

{ 
    "stocks": [ 
    { 
     "data": { 
     "portfolio_average_weight": "5.985", 
     "portfolio_total_return": "27.948", 
     "group": "Information Technology" 
     }, 
     "name": "Google Inc    " 
    }, 
    { 
     "data": { 
     "portfolio_average_weight": "2.896", 
     "portfolio_total_return": "24.292", 
     "group": "Information Technology" 
     }, 
     "name": "Mastercard Inc   " 
    }] 
} 

下面是CSV：

Information Technology,,, 
,Google Inc    ,5.985,27.948 
,Mastercard Inc   ,2.896,24.292 
Consumer Discretionary,,, 

Answer 1

我傾向於寧願使用csv.DictReader ov er csv.reader，因爲生成的代碼更容易閱讀，再加上將每一行讀入字典中也會使代碼更加統一—特別是在處理JSON對象時，它們本身通常由一個或多個字典組成。

import csv, json 

with open('csv_to_json_test.csv', 'rb') as csvfile: 
    csvfields = 'group', 'name', 'average_weight', 'total_return' 
    reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, fieldnames=csvfields) 
    database = {} 
    stocks = database['stocks'] = [] # initialize item to be parsed 
    group = None 
    for row in reader: 
     if row['group']: 
      group = row['group'] 
     else: 
      stocks.append(
       { 
        'data': { 
         "portfolio_average_weight": row['average_weight'], 
         "portfolio_total_return": row['total_return'] 
        }, 
        'name': row['name'].rstrip(), # strips trailing spaces 
        'group': group, 
       } 
      ) 

print 'database =', 
print json.dumps(database, indent=4) 

輸出：

database = { 
    "stocks": [ 
     { 
      "group": "Information Technology", 
      "data": { 
       "portfolio_average_weight": "5.985", 
       "portfolio_total_return": "27.948" 
      }, 
      "name": "Google Inc" 
     }, 
     { 
      "group": "Information Technology", 
      "data": { 
       "portfolio_average_weight": "2.896", 
       "portfolio_total_return": "24.292" 
      }, 
      "name": "Mastercard Inc" 
     } 
    ] 
}