未終止的字符串/語法錯誤與Bash

我想要獲取以下代碼來讀取用戶的變量;要搜索的文件，搜索字符串，需要輸出的空白以及要輸出的字段數量。未終止的字符串/語法錯誤與Bash

第一個問題是使用AWK命令。如果我輸入一個有效的空格，例如「」（單個空格「或」\ t「），我會得到未終止的字符串和語法錯誤，這隻有在請求輸出多個字段時纔會發生（否則不會添加空格） on）。

其次GREP在使用搜索字符串時似乎有點挑剔。爲了使用整個字符串，我必須在變量的開始和結束處添加雙引號。

#!/bin/bash 
#**************************************************** 
#Name:   reportCreator.sh 
#Purpose:  Create reports from log files 
#Author:   
#Date Written:  11/01/2013 
#Last Updated:  11/01/2013 
#**************************************************** 

clear 

#Determine what to search for 
printf "Please enter input file name(s): " 
read inputFile 
printf "Please enter your search query: " 
read searchQuery 
printf "Please enter the whitespace character: " 
IFS= read whitespace 
printf "Please enter the amount of fields to be displayed: " 
read fieldAmount 

#Add quotation marks to whitespace and searchQuery 
whitespace=\""$whitespace"\" 
searchQuery=\""$searchQuery"\" 

#Declare variables 
declare -i counter=0 
declare -a fields[$fieldAmount] 
declare -a fieldInsert[$fieldAmount] 

#While loop for entering fields 
while [[ "$counter" -ne "$fieldAmount" ]] 
do 
     #Ask for field numbers 
     printf "Please enter number for required field $((counter+1)): " 
     read fields[$counter] 
     ((counter++)) 
done 

#Create function to add '$' before every field and the whitespace characters 
function fieldFunction 
{ 
    for ((counter=0; counter <= ($fieldAmount-1); counter++)) 
    do 
     fieldInsert[$fieldAmount]="$""${fields[$counter]}" 
     if ((counter!=($fieldAmount-1))) 
     then 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}$whitespace" 
     else 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}" 
     fi 
    done 
} 
printf "%b\n" 

tac $inputFile | grep "$searchQuery" | less #| awk '{print $(fieldFunction)}' 

exit 0

任何幫助，將不勝感激。

來源

2013-01-11 Revenant

grep的不瞭解行情，所以刪除將它們添加到$ searchQuery的行。
對awk使用雙引號而不是單引號，所以$（fieldFunction）將會展開。

要解決這個（以及取消對AWK，當然），它的工作原理：

[email protected] 15:00 ~ $ cat script 
#!/bin/bash 
#**************************************************** 
#Name:   reportCreator.sh 
#Purpose:  Create reports from log files 
#Author:   
#Date Written:  11/01/2013 
#Last Updated:  11/01/2013 
#**************************************************** 

clear 

#Determine what to search for 
printf "Please enter input file name(s): " 
read inputFile 
printf "Please enter your search query: " 
read searchQuery 
printf "Please enter the whitespace character: " 
IFS= read whitespace 
printf "Please enter the amount of fields to be displayed: " 
read fieldAmount 

#Add quotation marks to whitespace and searchQuery 
whitespace=\""$whitespace"\" 

#Declare variables 
declare -i counter=0 
declare -a fields[$fieldAmount] 
declare -a fieldInsert[$fieldAmount] 

#While loop for entering fields 
while [[ "$counter" -ne "$fieldAmount" ]] 
do 
     #Ask for field numbers 
     printf "Please enter number for required field $((counter+1)): " 
     read fields[$counter] 
     ((counter++)) 
done 

#Create function to add '$' before every field and the whitespace characters 
function fieldFunction 
{ 
    for ((counter=0; counter <= ($fieldAmount-1); counter++)) 
    do 
     fieldInsert[$fieldAmount]="$""${fields[$counter]}" 
     if ((counter!=($fieldAmount-1))) 
     then 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}$whitespace" 
     else 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}" 
     fi 
    done 
} 
printf "%b\n" 

tac $inputFile | grep "$searchQuery" | awk "{print $(fieldFunction)}" 

exit 0 
[email protected] 15:01 ~ $ cat file 
foo two three four 
foo two2 three2 four2 
bar two three four 
[email protected] 15:01 ~ $ bash script 
Please enter input file name(s): file 
Please enter your search query: foo 
Please enter the whitespace character: 
Please enter the amount of fields to be displayed: 2 
Please enter number for required field 1: 4 
Please enter number for required field 2: 2 

four2 two2 
four two 
[email protected] 15:01 ~ $

來源

2013-01-11 23:03:28

謝謝！我不敢相信這是多麼容易。最初我將引號添加到$ searchQuery是因爲我試圖弄清楚爲什麼它不起作用時收到的錯誤。我早些時候也厭倦了AWK的雙引號，但我想我一定已經改變了他們回去試圖解決問題。再次感謝！ :) – Revenant

你永遠不需要grep with awk，你永遠不應該在你的awk腳本中使用雙引號。你的根本錯誤是使用shell腳本來創建你想讓你的awk腳本使用的字段列表和格式 - 只需在awk腳本中做到這一點，所有的卷積就消失了。 –

讓我們來看看這一段代碼：

#Create function to add '$' before every field and the whitespace characters 
function fieldFunction 
{ 
    for ((counter=0; counter <= ($fieldAmount-1); counter++)) 
    do 
     fieldInsert[$fieldAmount]="$""${fields[$counter]}" 
     if ((counter!=($fieldAmount-1))) 
     then 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}$whitespace" 
     else 
      printf "${fieldInsert[*]}" 
     fi 
    done 
} 
printf "%b\n" 

tac $inputFile | grep "$searchQuery" | awk "{print $(fieldFunction)}"

它可以是（未經測試）更爲簡單和穩健地重寫：

tac "$inputFile" | 
awk -v fieldsStr="${fields[*]}" -v searchQuery="$searchQuery" -v OFS="$whitespace" ' 
    BEGIN{ numFields = split(fieldsStr,fieldsArr) } 
    $0 ~ searchQuery { 
     for (i=1; i <= numFields; i++) 
     printf "%s%s", (i==1?"":OFS), $(fieldsArr[i]) 
     print "\b" 
    } 
'

我不知道爲什麼你需要「tac」來打開文件，但我認爲你有你的理由，所以我把它放進去。

來源

2013-01-12 15:27:28

未終止的字符串/語法錯誤與Bash

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