使用Perl，如何獲取有關Windows任務欄通知區域中圖標的信息？

Question

我想在Perl中編寫腳本來讀取系統托盤中的所有圖標，抓住他們的座標&找出誰擁有它們。我非常想翻譯this code here。

這是到目前爲止我的代碼：

use strict; 
use warnings; 

use Win32::API; 
use Win32::OLE qw(in); 
use Data::Dumper; 

use constant wbemFlagReturnImmediately => 0x10; 
use constant wbemFlagForwardOnly  => 0x20; 

use constant SYNCHRONIZE => 0x00100000; 
use constant STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED => 0x000F0000; 
use constant PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS => (STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED | SYNCHRONIZE | 0xFFF); 

my $TB_BUTTONCOUNT  = 0x0418; 
my $TB_GETBUTTONTEXT = 0x041B; 
my $TB_GETBUTTONINFO = 0x0441; 
my $TB_GETITEMRECT  = 0x041D; 
my $TB_GETBUTTON  = 0x0417; 

sub get_windows_details { 
    my ($self) = @_; 
    my $ret; 

    my $objWMIService = 
     Win32::OLE->GetObject("winmgmts:\\\\localhost\\root\\CIMV2") 
     or die "WMI connection failed.\n"; 
    my $colItems = 
     $objWMIService->ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem", 
           "WQL", 
           wbemFlagReturnImmediately | wbemFlagForwardOnly); 

    my $objItem; 
    foreach $objItem (in $colItems) { 
     $ret->{'osname'} = $objItem->{Caption}; 
    } 

    $colItems = 
     $objWMIService->ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor", 
           "WQL", 
           wbemFlagReturnImmediately | wbemFlagForwardOnly); 

    foreach $objItem (in $colItems) { 
     $ret->{'osbit'} = $objItem->{AddressWidth}; 
    } 

    return $ret; 
} 

sub get_autoit_tray_handle { 
    my $autoit = Win32::OLE->new("AutoItX3.Control") 
     or return 0; 
    my $tray_hwnd = $autoit->ControlGetHandle("[Class:Shell_TrayWnd]", "", "[Class:ToolbarWindow32;Instance:1]"); 
    return hex $tray_hwnd; 
} 

sub get_tray_icon_count { 
    #my $hWnd = get_tray_handle(); 
    my $hWnd = get_autoit_tray_handle(); 
    my $send_message = Win32::API->new("user32", "SendMessage", "NNII", "I"); 
    return $send_message->Call($hWnd, $TB_BUTTONCOUNT, 0, 0); 
} 



# Randomly chosen icon index. 
my $iIndex = 6; 

my $os = get_windows_details(); 
if ($os->{'osbit'} == 64) { 
    Win32::API::Struct->typedef('TBBUTTON', qw { int  iBitmap; 
               int  idCommand; 
               BYTE  fsState; 
               BYTE  fsStyle; 
               BYTE  bReserved[6]; 
               DWORD_PTR dwData; 
               INT_PTR iString; 
               } 
           ) or die "Typedef error $!\n"; 
} else { 
    Win32::API::Struct->typedef('TBBUTTON', qw { int  iBitmap; 
               int  idCommand; 
               BYTE  fsState; 
               BYTE  fsStyle; 
               BYTE  bReserved[2]; 
               DWORD_PTR dwData; 
               INT_PTR iString; 
               } 
           ) or die "Typedef error $!\n"; 
} 

# Get tray handle & it's proc id 
my $tb_button = Win32::API::Struct->new('TBBUTTON'); 
my $tray_hwnd = get_autoit_tray_handle(); 
print "tray hwnd: $tray_hwnd\n"; 
my $window_thread_proc_id = Win32::API->new('user32', "GetWindowThreadProcessId", 'LP', 'N'); 
my $lpdwPID = pack 'L', 0; 
my $pid = $window_thread_proc_id->Call($tray_hwnd, $lpdwPID); 
my $dwPID = unpack 'L', $lpdwPID; 
print "proc id: $dwPID\n"; 

# read the tray process memory to get the tray button info 
my $open_process = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'OpenProcess', 'NIN', 'N') || die $!; 
my $proc_hwnd = $open_process->Call(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, 0, $dwPID); 
print "proc hwnd: $proc_hwnd\n"; 

my $virtual_alloc = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'VirtualAllocEx', 'NNLNN', 'N'); 
my $lp_data = $virtual_alloc->Call($proc_hwnd, 0, $tb_button->sizeof(), 0x1000, 0x04); 
print "Error allocating memory: $!\n" if $!; 
print "Allocated addresss: $lp_data\n"; 

my $send_message = Win32::API->new('user32', 'SendMessage', 'NNIN','I'); 
my $get_button_status = $send_message->Call($tray_hwnd, $TB_GETBUTTON, $iIndex, $lp_data); 
print "TB_GETBUTTON Status: $get_button_status\n"; 

my $read_process = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'ReadProcessMemory', 'NNSNP','I'); 
my $bytes_read = pack 'L', 0; 
$read_process->Call($proc_hwnd, $lp_data, $tb_button, $tb_button->sizeof(), $bytes_read); 
print "dwData: $tb_button->{'dwData'} \n"; 

我使用的AutoIt COM DLL得到系統托盤手柄。一旦我有有托盤手柄，我設法得到它的進程ID &然後讀取進程內存，以獲得TBBUTTON structure，其定義如下：

if ($os->{'osbit'} == 64) { 
    Win32::API::Struct->typedef('TBBUTTON', qw { int  iBitmap; 
               int  idCommand; 
               BYTE  fsState; 
               BYTE  fsStyle; 
               BYTE  bReserved[6]; 
               DWORD_PTR dwData; 
               INT_PTR iString; 
               } 
           ) or die "Typedef error $!\n"; 
} else { 
    Win32::API::Struct->typedef('TBBUTTON', qw { int  iBitmap; 
               int  idCommand; 
               BYTE  fsState; 
               BYTE  fsStyle; 
               BYTE  bReserved[2]; 
               DWORD_PTR dwData; 
               INT_PTR iString; 
               } 
           ) or die "Typedef error $!\n"; 
} 

當你執行上面的代碼，至少在我的系統，這裏是我看到的輸出：

tray hwnd: 401922 
proc id: 11040 
proc hwnd: 704 
Allocated addresss: 32702464 
TB_GETBUTTON Status: 1 
dwData: 10293610267052867588 

正如你所看到的 - 「dwData」似乎是錯誤的。看起來我在這裏做錯了：

my $read_process = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'ReadProcessMemory', 'NNSNP','I'); 
my $bytes_read = pack 'L', 0; 
$read_process->Call($proc_hwnd, $lp_data, $tb_button, $tb_button->sizeof(), $bytes_read); 
print "dwData: $tb_button->{'dwData'} \n"; 

對我在做什麼有什麼建議嗎？謝謝。

Answer 1

我決定嘗試儘量減少由您拉入的各種東西引入的不確定性的數量，並且只使用Win32::GuiTest提供的功能。我也爲了在32位WinXP SP3筆記本電腦上運行某些東西而苦惱。這是運行併產生一些輸出的東西。

我不知道這是否是正確的輸出，但它至少應該點你在一個簡單的方向：

#!/usr/bin/env perl 

use feature 'say'; 
use strict; use warnings; 

use Const::Fast; 
use Devel::CheckOS; 
use Win32::GuiTest qw(
    AllocateVirtualBuffer 
    FreeVirtualBuffer 
    ReadFromVirtualBuffer 
    FindWindowLike 
    SendMessage 
); 

use YAML; 

const my %TB => (
    BUTTONCOUNT => 0x0418, 
    GETBUTTONTEXT => 0x041B, 
    GETBUTTONINFO => 0x0441, 
    GETITEMRECT => 0x041D, 
    GETBUTTON => 0x0417, 
); 

const my %TBUTTON => (
    32 => 'iiCCCCLL', 
    64 => 'iiCCCCCCCCLL', 
); 

my ($tray_handle) = FindWindowLike(undef, undef, 'TrayNotifyWnd'); 

my ($toolbar_handle) = FindWindowLike($tray_handle, undef, 'ToolbarWindow'); 

say for ($tray_handle, $toolbar_handle); 

my $button_count = SendMessage($toolbar_handle, $TB{BUTTONCOUNT}, 0, 0); 

unless (defined($button_count) and $button_count > 0) { 
    die "Can't find buttons\n" 
} 

my $buf = AllocateVirtualBuffer($toolbar_handle, 0x20); 

print Dump $buf; 

my $index = int(rand $button_count); 

say "Trying button = $index\n"; 

my $status = SendMessage(
    $toolbar_handle, 
    $TB{GETBUTTON}, 
    $index, 
    $buf->{ptr} 
); 

say "TB_GETBUTTON status = $status"; 

my $result = ReadFromVirtualBuffer($buf, 0x20); 

FreeVirtualBuffer($buf); 

print Dump [ map sprintf('%X', $_), unpack $TBUTTON{32}, $result ]; 

而且，不是說你768,16在一個地方這樣定義Win32::API功能和結構的東西只有一次。

輸出示例：

655544 
393294 
--- 
process: 1920 
ptr: 28835840 
Trying button = 19 

TB_GETBUTTON status = 1 
--- 
- 7 
- 9 
- C 
- 0 
- 0 
- 0 
- 1DA23C8 
- 2B70590