使用C＃對象的前綴和名稱空間

Question

我正在嘗試創建一個將C＃類對象序列化爲XML的POST函數。

我非常困難的一部分是將命名空間前綴添加到子根元素的子項中，因此在本例中僅限contact子項。

我似乎能夠獲得contact的子元素的前綴的唯一方法是通過SerializerNamespace類添加它們，但是我只能將它附加到根元素CreateContact。

我該如何做到這一點？

XML目前生產：

<?xml version=\"1.0\"?> 
<CreateContact xmlns:a="http://foo.co.uk/Contact" xmlns="http://foo.co.uk"> 
<a:contact> 
<a:Email>stest@gmail.com</a:Email> 
<a:FirstName>Simon</a:FirstName> 
<a:LastName>Test</a:LastName> 
<a:Phone>09088408501</a:Phone> 
<a:Title>Mr</a:Title> 
</a:contact> 
</CreateContact> 

序列化功能：

public static void CreateContact(Contact contact) 
{ 
    string tmp = url; 
    string xml = ""; 
    string result = ""; 

    XmlDocument xd = new XmlDocument(); 

    var cc = new CreateContact(); 
    cc.contact = contact; 
    var xs = new XmlSerializer(cc.GetType()); 

    XmlSerializerNamespaces xsn = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(); 
    xsn.Add("a", "http://foo.co.uk/Contact"); 

    using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) 
    { 
    xs.Serialize(ms, cc, xsn); 
    ms.Position = 0; 
    xd.Load(ms); 
    xml = xd.InnerXml; 
    } 

    using (WebClient web = new WebClient()) 
    { 
    web.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password); 
    web.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/xml"); 
    try 
    { 
     result = web.UploadString(tmp, "POST", xml); 
    } 
    catch (WebException ex) 
    { 
    } 
    } 
} 

XML類構造：

[Serializable()] 
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "CreateContact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk")] 
public class CreateContact 
{ 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    public Contact contact { get; set; } 
} 

[DataContract(Name = "Contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
[XmlType("a")] 
public class Contact 
{ 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Email", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    [DataMember(Name = "Email")] 
    public string Email { get; set; } 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "FirstName", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    [DataMember(Name = "FirstName")] 
    public string Firstname { get; set; } 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "LastName", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    [DataMember(Name = "LastName")] 
    public string Lastname { get; set; } 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Phone", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    [DataMember(Name = "Phone")] 
    public string Phone { get; set; } 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Title", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
    [DataMember(Name = "Title")] 
    public string Title { get; set; } 
} 

XML期望：

<?xml version=\"1.0\"?> 
<CreateContact xmlns="http://foo.co.uk"> 
<contact xmlns:a="http://foo.co.uk/Contact"> 
<a:Email>stest@gmail.com</a:Email> 
<a:FirstName>Simon</a:FirstName> 
<a:LastName>Test</a:LastName> 
<a:Phone>09088408501</a:Phone> 
<a:Title>Mr</a:Title> 
</contact> 
</CreateContact> 

Answer 1

正如在評論中提到，這種差異的原因是，contact應該在命名空間http://foo.co.uk，不http://foo.co.uk/Contact。

順便說一句，一對夫婦的進一步意見：

• 你可能不需要DataMember屬性，除非你使用DataContractSerializer別的地方。
• 此處大部分Xml*屬性是多餘的，可以通過從XmlRoot繼承來刪除或合併。
• 如果你所需要的只是XML字符串，你最好將其序列化爲StringWriter而不是流，然後加載到DOM中以獲取文本（如果需要XML聲明，請參閱this question指定utf-8）

所以，你會得到如下的XML：

var xsn = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(); 
xsn.Add("a", "http://foo.co.uk/Contact"); 

var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CreateContact)); 

using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter()) 
{ 
    xs.Serialize(stringWriter, cc, xsn); 
    xml = stringWriter.ToString(); 
} 

隨着你的類定義爲：

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "CreateContact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk")] 
public class CreateContact 
{ 
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "contact")] 
    public Contact Contact { get; set; } 
} 

[XmlRoot("contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")] 
public class Contact 
{ 
    public string Email { get; set; } 
    public string FirstName { get; set; } 
    public string LastName { get; set; } 
    public string Phone { get; set; } 
    public string Title { get; set; } 
} 

完整示例請參見this fiddle。