Django扔錯誤配置錯誤無論我做什麼

Question

我一直想弄清楚如何導出我的數據庫作爲CSV格式的文件以某種格式（做數據轉儲到JSON和轉換爲CSV不會或將採取時間太長）。目前我有一個腳本只是遍歷每個對象並將相關信息寫入文件。但是，對於一些奇怪的原因，Django的抱怨拋出：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
File "csv_export.py", line 4, in <module> 
from models import Patient, Nurse, Doctor, HospitalAdmin 
File "/home/ian/Documents/swen261/master_project/HealthNet/main_site/models.py", line 2, in <module> 
from django.contrib.auth.models import User 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py", line 7, in <module> 
from django.middleware.csrf import rotate_token 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/middleware/csrf.py", line 14, in <module> 
from django.utils.cache import patch_vary_headers 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/cache.py", line 26, in <module> 
from django.core.cache import caches 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/cache/__init__.py", line 34, in <module> 
if DEFAULT_CACHE_ALIAS not in settings.CACHES: 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 48, in __getattr__ 
self._setup(name) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 42, in _setup 
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting CACHES, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings. 

下面是腳本：

# exports db as a csv file 

import sys, os, django 
sys.path.append('~/Documents/swen261/masterProject/HealthNet/main_site/') 
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'main_site.settings' 
django.setup() 
from models import Patient, Nurse, Doctor, HospitalAdmin 

print("Starting DB export script...\n") 

print("Creating csv file 'csv_output.csv'...\n") 
with open('csv_output.csv', 'w+') as file: 
    print("Writing out Patients...\n") 
# formatting got a little screwed here, the rest below this should be indented. 
for p in Patient.objects.all(): 
    file.write("%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,\n" 
       % ("Patient", p.user.username, p.user.password, p.user.first_name, p.user.last_name, p.hospital.name, p.insurance_provider, p.insurance_id, "nil")) 
print("Writing out Doctors...\n") 
for d in Doctor.objects.all(): 
    file.write("%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,\n" 
       % ("Doctor", d.user.username, d.user.password, d.user.first_name, d.user.last_name, d.hospital.name, "nil","nil","nil")) 
print("Writing out Nurses...\n") 
for n in Nurse.objects.all(): 
    file.write("%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,\n" 
       % ("Nurse", n.user.username, n.user.password, n.user.first_name, n.user.last_name, n.hospital.name, "nil", "nil", "nil")) 
print("Writing out Hospital Admins...\n") 
for ha in HospitalAdmin.objects.all(): 
    file.write("%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,\n" 
       % ("HospitalAdmin", ha.user.username, ha.user.password, ha.user.first_name, ha.user.last_name, ha.hospital.name, "nil", "nil", "nil")) 

print("Finished creating csv.\n") 

我不知道它爲什麼這樣做或如何解決它。問題似乎在進口，儘管我可以合法地在視圖文件中執行此操作。所有其他問題相同的人似乎都以不同的方式得到了答案，而且我根據他們的答案還沒有弄清楚。

Answer 1

在您的模塊的頂部添加這個（調整路徑右一爲您的項目，以及「設置」）

import sys, os 
sys.path.append('/path/to/your/django/app') 
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings' 
from django.conf import settings 
django.setup() 

Answer 2

更改此：

import sys, os, django 
sys.path.append('~/Documents/swen261/masterProject/HealthNet/main_site/') 
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'main_site.settings' 

這樣：

import sys, os 
sys.path.append(os.path.expanduser('~/Documents/swen261/masterProject/HealthNet'))) 
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'HealthNet.settings' 
import django 

的DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE的環境變量需要有一個導入的路徑。這應該在導入django之前完成。