從awk文件中提取段

Question

我有一個文件，我需要根據另一個文件中給出的字符範圍來提取段。我想用awk命令來做。

文件一個看起來像這樣（一行）：

AATTGTGAAGGTAGATGGCTCGCTCCGCGGCGGGGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGGGCTCGCTATATAGAGATATATGCGCGCGGCGCGCGGCGCGCGCGGCGCGCGCGTATATATATAGGCGCGCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 

第二個文件將類似於如下：

5 10 
13 20 
22 24 

和輸出將是：

GTGAAG 
AGATGGCT 
GCT 

Answer 1

這一行代碼將解決您的問題：

awk 'BEGIN{getline sequence < "first_file"} {print substr(sequence, $1, $2 - $1 + 1) }' second_file

說明：這個腳本使用getline函數命名first_file（它調節到實際文件名）文件中讀取字符串sequence。然後對於第二個文件的每一行（包含處理範圍），它使用substr函數提取必要的子字符串。 substr接受三個參數：字符串（sequence），位置（$1）和長度（$2 - $1 + 1）。

Answer 2

Nya給你awk解決方案，這裏的一個基於coreutils。

串

AATTGTGAAGGTAGATGGCTCGCTCCGCGGCGGGGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGGGCTCGCTATATAGAGATATATGCGCGCGGCGCGCGGCGCGCGCGGCGCGCGCGTATATATATAGGCGCGCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 

offlen

5 10 
13 20 
22 24 

你可以得到你想要的輸出：

while read off len; do cut -c${off}-${len} string; done < offlen 

輸出：

GTGAAG 
AGATGGCT 
GCT