重複的列名

Question

我已經改變了我的模型的話，我試圖遷移他們，但得到這個錯誤：

python manage.py migrate 
Operations to perform: 
    Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions, myapp 
Running migrations: 
    Rendering model states... DONE 
    Applying myapp.0002_auto_20160315_1544...Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 112, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 226, in execute 
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler 
    raise errorvalue 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 217, in execute 
    res = self._query(query) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 378, in _query 
    rowcount = self._do_query(q) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 341, in _do_query 
    db.query(q) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 280, in query 
    _mysql.connection.query(self, query) 
_mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (1060, "Duplicate column name 'short_description_eng'") 

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "manage.py", line 10, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv 
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute 
    output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 200, in handle 
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 92, in migrate 
    self._migrate_all_forwards(plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 121, in _migrate_all_forwards 
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 198, in apply_migration 
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 123, in apply 
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/fields.py", line 62, in database_forwards 
    field, 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/schema.py", line 50, in add_field 
    super(DatabaseSchemaEditor, self).add_field(model, field) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 396, in add_field 
    self.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 110, in execute 
    cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 95, in __exit__ 
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise 
    raise value.with_traceback(tb) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 112, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 226, in execute 
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler 
    raise errorvalue 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 217, in execute 
    res = self._query(query) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 378, in _query 
    rowcount = self._do_query(q) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 341, in _do_query 
    db.query(q) 
    File "/home/bootuz/final/myvenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 280, in query 
    _mysql.connection.query(self, query) 
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1060, "Duplicate column name 'short_description_eng'") 

這是我的模型：

class Words(models.Model): 
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name='Слово') 
    audio = models.FileField(upload_to='audio', blank=True, verbose_name='Озвучка') 
    short_description_rus = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='', blank=True, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Рус') 
    russian = models.TextField(default='', blank=True, verbose_name='Русский') 
    short_description_eng = models.CharField(max_length=110, default='', blank=True, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Eng') 
    english = models.TextField(default='', blank=True, verbose_name='English') 
    short_description_tur = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='', blank=True, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Tür') 
    turkish = models.TextField(default='', blank=True, verbose_name='Türkçe') 

的哪些錯誤？

遷移文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
# Generated by Django 1.9.2 on 2016-03-15 15:44 
from __future__ import unicode_literals 

from django.db import migrations, models 


class Migration(migrations.Migration): 

    dependencies = [ 
     ('myapp', '0001_initial'), 
    ] 

    operations = [ 
     migrations.AddField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='short_description_eng', 
      field=models.CharField(blank=True, default='', max_length=100, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Eng'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AddField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='short_description_rus', 
      field=models.CharField(blank=True, default='', max_length=100, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Рус'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AddField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='short_description_tur', 
      field=models.CharField(blank=True, default='', max_length=100, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Tür'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AlterField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='audio', 
      field=models.FileField(blank=True, upload_to='audio', verbose_name='Озвучка'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AlterField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='english', 
      field=models.TextField(blank=True, default='', verbose_name='English'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AlterField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='russian', 
      field=models.TextField(blank=True, default='', verbose_name='Русский'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AlterField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='title', 
      field=models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name='Слово'), 
     ), 
     migrations.AlterField(
      model_name='words', 
      name='turkish', 
      field=models.TextField(blank=True, default='', verbose_name='Türkçe'), 
     ), 
    ] 

Answer 1

剛剛找到解決方案！我刪除了所有我的遷移與0001_initial，然後運行makemigrations和migrate和所有更改apllied！

Answer 2

我會假設你在你已經添加了short_description_eng場之前的遷移。您可以通過查看以前的遷移文件來檢查字符串'short_description_eng'。如果那是真的，您可以從0002_auto_20160315_1544遷移文件中刪除以下內容。

migrations.AddField(
    model_name='words', 
    name='short_description_eng', 
    field=models.CharField(blank=True, default='', max_length=100, verbose_name='Условное обозначение Eng'), 
), 

如果不是的話，那麼它有可能你有你的數據庫在foobar'ed狀態，它可能是值得將其刪除（假設這是一個開發數據庫），並重新創建它。

Answer 3

我有同樣的問題。基本上，原因是遷移認爲數據庫具有這些列，但不是，所以您需要一個過程從遷移記錄中刪除那些不存在的列。

1.評論代碼中的那些列。

2.重置遷移。

find . -path "*/migrations/*.py" -not -name "__init__.py" -delete 
find . -path "*/migrations/*.pyc" -delete 

3.做正常的初始遷移。

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.py migrate 

4.在你的代碼中，取消註釋那些重複的列。

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.py migrate --fake 

5.現在您的遷移和代碼在同一頁上。我使用假來讓遷移相信DB有那些列，但事實上DB沒有。

6.在你的代碼中，再次註釋那些重複的列。

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.py migrate 

7.在這裏，您成功地從遷移中刪除了那些列記錄。並且在你的代碼中，這些列也被評論。他們在同一頁面上。

8.再次在代碼中註釋這些列並執行遷移。

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.py migrate 

9.它應該工作。

這是唯一適用於我的情況的方法。我希望別人能提供一個更簡單的方法。