Ruby on Rails教程，第8章rspec錯誤

Question

我是Ruby on Rails的新手，我正在按照Michael Hartl的教程進行操作。我開始寫第8章，不知道我錯過了哪些步驟來獲得失敗。任何幫助是極大的讚賞。

---

Failures: 

    1) User pages signup with invalid information should not create a user 
    Failure/Error: expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count) 
    ActionView::Template::Error: 
     undefined method `errors' for nil:NilClass 
    # ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:7:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___725910499_85961520' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:23:in `create' 
    # (eval):2:in `click_button' 
    # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:30:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
    # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:30:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    2) User pages signup with invalid information after submission 
    Failure/Error: before { click_button submit } 
    ActionView::Template::Error: 
     undefined method `errors' for nil:NilClass 
    # ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:7:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___725910499_85961520' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:23:in `create' 
    # (eval):2:in `click_button' 
    # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:33:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    3) User pages signup with invalid information after submission 
    Failure/Error: before { click_button submit } 
    ActionView::Template::Error: 
     undefined method `errors' for nil:NilClass 
    # ./app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb:7:in `_app_views_shared__error_messages_html_erb___725910499_85961520' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:7:in `block in _app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/views/users/new.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_users_new_html_erb___744286408_86222100' 
    # ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:23:in `create' 
    # (eval):2:in `click_button' 
    # ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:33:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 

---

users_controller.rb

class UsersController < ApplicationController 
    def show 
    @user = User.find(params[:id]) 
    end 

    def new 
    @title = "Sign up" 
    @user = User.new 

     respond_to do |format| 
     format.html # new.html.erb 
     format.json { render json: @user } 
    end 
    end 

    def create 
    @user = User.new(params[:user]) 
    if @user.save 
     flash[:success] = "Welcome to the Sample App!" 
     redirect_to @user 
    else 
     render 'new' 
    end 
    end 
end 

---

user_pages_spec.rb

require 'spec_helper' 

describe "User pages" do 

    subject { page } 

    describe "signup page" do 
    before { visit signup_path } 

    it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign up') } 
    it { should have_selector('title', text: full_title('Sign up')) } 
    end 

    describe "profile page" do 
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } 
    before { visit user_path(user) } 

    it { should have_selector('h1', text: user.name) } 
    it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) } 
    end 

    describe "signup" do 

    before { visit signup_path } 

    let(:submit) { "Create my account" } 

    describe "with invalid information" do 
     it "should not create a user" do 
     expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count) 
     end 
     describe "after submission" do 
     before { click_button submit } 

     it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') } 
     it { should have_content('error') } 
     end 
    end 

    describe "with valid information" do 
     before do 
     fill_in "Name",   with: "Example User" 
     fill_in "Email",   with: "user@example.com" 
     fill_in "Password",  with: "foobar" 
     fill_in "Confirmation", with: "foobar" 
     end 

     it "should create a user" do 
     expect { click_button submit}.to change(User, :count).by(1) 
     end 

     describe "after saving the user" do 
     before { click_button submit } 
     let(:user) { User.find_by_email('user@example.com') } 

     it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) } 
     it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success', text: 'Welcome') } 
     end 
    end 
    end 
end 

---

應用程序/視圖/共享/ _error_messages.html.erb

<% if @user.errors.any? %> 
    <div id="error_explanation"> 
    <div class="alert alert-error"> 
     The form contains <%= pluralize(@user.errors.count, "error")%> 
    </div> 
    <ul> 
    <% @users.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %> 
     <li>* <%= msg %></li> 
    <% end %> 
    </ul> 
    </div> 
<% end %> 

Answer 1

而不是@users在_error_messages.html.erb，這是nil，你應該有@user。

<% @user.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %> 
    <li>* <%= msg %></li> 
<% end %>