當讀取文件時<<：'str'和'int'不受支持的操作數類型

我正在編寫單元測試用例。我創建了一個文件對象和閱讀它，但我收到以下錯誤：當讀取文件時<<：'str'和'int'不受支持的操作數類型

unsupported operand type(s) for <<: 'str' and 'int'

方法：

def uploadExamineeDetails(request, exam_id): 
    try: 
     upload_file = request.FILES['upload-file'] 
    except Exception: 
     return [_('Uploaded file is required.')] 
    try: 
     exam = get_object_or_404_from_admin(CourseExam, request, exam_id) 
     book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_contents=upload_file.read()) 
     # further code

我的測試代碼：在Excel文件

def test_uploadExamineeDetails(self): 

    self.examinee_result = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(settings.BASE_DIR),\ 
             'var/sample_files_for_testing/examinees_result_upload.xls') 
    file = File(open(self.file, errors='ignore')) 
    uploaded_file = InMemoryUploadedFile(file=file, field_name='upload-file', name='examinee_result.xls', 
             content_type = 'application/vnd.ms-excel', size = file.size, charset = None) 
    self.request.FILES['upload-file'] = uploaded_file 
    xlrd.open_workbook(file_contents=uploaded_file.read()) 
    response = uploadExamineeDetails(self.request, 1) 
    assert isinstance(response, tuple), 'should upload the examinee details'

數據：

[{'Enrollment Number': '', 'Username': 'exam_course_manager', 
'row_num': 1, 'Obtained Score': 60.0, 'GR Number': ''}, 
{'Enrollment Number': '', 'Username': 'instructor', 
'row_num': 2, 'Obtained Score': 20.0, 'GR Number': ''}]

回溯日期：

 (py_3.5_dj_1.9) [email protected]:~/Projects/DROANA_3.0/droana/droana$ py.test droana/apps/course_planner/tests/test_methods.py 
============================= test session starts ============================== 
platform linux -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-3.0.6, py-1.4.32, pluggy-0.4.0 
Django settings: droana.test_settings (from command line option) 
rootdir: /home/dikshaj/Projects/DROANA_3.0/droana/droana, inifile: pytest.ini 
plugins: django-3.1.2, cov-2.4.0, ipdb-0.1.dev2 
collected 1 items 

droana/apps/course_planner/tests/test_methods.py F 

----------- coverage: platform linux, python 3.5.2-final-0 ----------- 
Coverage HTML written to dir htmlcov 


=================================== FAILURES =================================== 
____________________ TestMethods.test_uploadExamineeDetails ____________________ 

self = <droana.apps.course_planner.tests.test_methods.TestMethods testMethod=test_uploadExamineeDetails> 

    def test_uploadExamineeDetails(self): 
     """ 
      Test uploadExamineeDetails method 
      """ 
     self.examinee_result = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(settings.BASE_DIR),\ 
              'var/sample_files_for_testing/examinees_result_upload.xls') 
     file = File(open(self.file, errors='ignore')) 
     uploaded_file = InMemoryUploadedFile(file=file, field_name='upload-file', name='examinee_result.xls', 
              content_type = 'application/vnd.ms-excel', size = file.size, charset = None) 
     self.request.FILES['upload-file'] = uploaded_file 
>  xlrd.open_workbook(file_contents=uploaded_file.read()) 

droana/apps/course_planner/tests/test_methods.py:100: 
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
/opt/myvirtual/py_3.5_dj_1.9/lib/python3.5/site-packages/xlrd/__init__.py:435: in open_workbook 
    ragged_rows=ragged_rows, 
/opt/myvirtual/py_3.5_dj_1.9/lib/python3.5/site-packages/xlrd/book.py:91: in open_workbook_xls 
    biff_version = bk.getbof(XL_WORKBOOK_GLOBALS) 
/opt/myvirtual/py_3.5_dj_1.9/lib/python3.5/site-packages/xlrd/book.py:1226: in getbof 
    opcode = self.get2bytes() 
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 

self = <xlrd.book.Book object at 0x7fb57b458c88> 

    def get2bytes(self): 
     pos = self._position 
     buff_two = self.mem[pos:pos+2] 
     lenbuff = len(buff_two) 
     self._position += lenbuff 
     if lenbuff < 2: 
      return MY_EOF 
     lo, hi = buff_two 
>  return (BYTES_ORD(hi) << 8) | BYTES_ORD(lo) 
E  TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for <<: 'str' and 'int' 

/opt/myvirtual/py_3.5_dj_1.9/lib/python3.5/site-packages/xlrd/book.py:631: TypeError

的代碼讀取此行拋出一個異常：

xlrd.open_workbook(file_contents=upload_file.read())

這是我做了什麼。我創建一個文件，將其存儲在目錄中，然後打開它並創建一個內存對象，如代碼所示。根據錯誤我知道當你試圖比較一個字符串到int時發生這個錯誤。但我不明白爲什麼這發生在閱讀文件，以及在哪裏。

有誰知道問題是什麼？

來源

2017-08-07 Diksha Jiwane

你可以在你的問題中包含你看到的堆棧跟蹤嗎？對於它的價值，你顯示的錯誤信息涉及位移運算符（<<），我在你的任何代碼中都沒有看到，所以我猜你正在使用的一些庫代碼是拋出錯誤。堆棧跟蹤將有助於縮小可能導致問題的參數。 –

我已經添加了回溯，即使我上傳的txt文件仍然得到相同的問題。我認爲讀取文件時發生問題。如果有人能給我解決這個問題，我將非常感激。 –

它看起來像xlrd的問題，但我無法在網上找到解決方案，我不熟悉該庫。如果將'xlrd.open_workbook（file_contents = upload_file.read（））'行更改爲'xlrd.open_workbook（filename ='name-of-file-on-disk.xls'）''，那麼您已經保存了文件內容添加到實際文件中，問題是否仍然存在？ –

開啓在二進制模式下的文件：

file = File(open(self.file, 'rb'))

默認情況下，文件與模式'r'，其在該文件中讀出作爲Unicode字符（關於Python 3型str）打開的流。 xlrd中的get2bytes方法需要一個字節流，當以'rb'模式打開文件時返回該字節流。

這個要求似乎被xlrd錯誤地記錄了，它說任何"string or an mmap.mmap object or some other behave-alike object"都會爲file_contents做。窺視到的代碼，BYTES_ORD是defined as the identity function on Python 3，所以當file_contents被送入get2bytes，一個str斑點將導致'c'[0] << 8，其失敗，但一個bytes斑點將導致b'c'[0] << 8，其成功（因爲在bytes斑點的每個元素是一個int ）。

來源

2017-08-10 21:11:10 theY4Kman

這就是工作。非常感謝。 –

當讀取文件時<<：'str'和'int'不受支持的操作數類型

回答

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