這是我寫的函數,它可以在zsh,bash或ksh中使用。
注意:它已啓用調試(它會迴應它將運行的命令,而不是執行它們)。如果你註釋掉那條線,它會實際運行它們。
注意事項:它尚未經過徹底測試。
要使用它,請將此腳本放入一個名爲cpmd
的文件/usr/local/bin
(或路徑中的其他位置)。要激活它,在shell提示下鍵入以下命令(或者把它添加到你的啓動腳本 - 對於bash這將是~/.bashrc
):
source cpmd
然後你就可以使用這樣的命令複製文件:
cpmd carparts /home/dave/Documents/nonexistent/newdir/
既不存在目錄「不存在」或「newdir」。兩個目錄都被創建,然後名爲「carparts」的文件被複制到「newdir」。
如果不包括斜線末(「/」),最後一部分被視爲一個文件名和任何不存在的目錄創建之前:
cpmd supplies /home/dave/Documents/anothernew/consumables
目錄「另一個新」被創建,然後「耗材」被新的文件名「耗材」複製。
如果目標中的所有目錄已存在,則cpmd
的行爲與常規的cp
命令相似。
function cpmd {
# copies files and makes intermediate dest. directories if they don't exist
# for bash, ksh or zsh
# by Dennis Williamson - 2009-06-14
# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/993266/unable-to-make-nosuchdirectory-message-useful-in-zsh
# WARNING: no validation is performed on $1 and $2
# all cp commands below are hardcoded with -i (interactive) to prevent overwriting
if [[ -n $KSH_VERSION ]]
then
alias local=typeset
local func="$0"
local lastchar="${2: -1}"
readcmd() { read "$2?$1"; }
elif [[ -n $ZSH_VERSION ]]
then
local func="$0"
# the following two lines are split up instead of doing "${2[-1]}"
# to keep ksh from complaining when the function is loaded
local dest="$2"
local lastchar="${dest[-1]}"
readcmd() { read "$2?$1"; }
elif [[ -n $BASH_VERSION ]]
then
local func="$FUNCNAME"
local lastchar="${2:(-1)}"
readcmd() { read -p "$1" $2; }
else
echo "cpmd has only been tested in bash, ksh and zsh." >&2
return 1
fi
local DEBUG='echo' # COMMENT THIS OUT to make this function actually work
if [[ ${#@} != 2 ]]
then
echo "$func: invalid number of parameters
Usage:
$func source destination
where 'destination' can include nonexistent directories (which will
be created). You must end 'destination' with a/in order for it to
specify only directories. Without the final slash, the 'source' will
be copied with a new name (the last portion of 'destination'). If you
are copying multiple files and 'destination' is not a directory, the
copy will fail." >&2
return 1
fi
local dir=$(dirname "$2")
local response
local nl=$'\n'
# destination ($2) is presumed to be in one of the following formats:
# .../existdir test 1 (-d "$2")
# .../existdir/existfile test 2 (-f "$2")
# .../existdir/newfile test 3 (-d "$dir" && $lastchar != '/')
# .../existdir/newdir/ (else)
# .../newdir/newdir/ (else)
# .../newdir/newfile (else)
if [[ -d "$2" || -f "$2" || (-d "$dir" && $lastchar != '/') ]]
then
$DEBUG cp -i "$1" "$2"
else
if [[ $lastchar == '/' ]]
then
dir="$2"
fi
local prompt="$func: The destination directory...${nl} ${dir}${nl}...does not exist. Create? (y/n): "
while [[ -z $response ]]
do
readcmd "$prompt" response
case $response in
y|Y) response="Y" ;;
n|N) ;;
*) response=
prompt="$func: Invalid response.${nl} Create destination directory? (y/n): ";;
esac
done
if [[ $response == "Y" ]]
then
$DEBUG mkdir -p "$dir" && $DEBUG cp -i "$1" "$2"
else
echo "$func: Cancelled." >&2
fi
fi
}
也許這個問題的一個更好的標題就像「我怎樣才能創建在zsh複製過程中的目錄?」 – 2009-06-18 20:15:38