Python的基本身份驗證檢查

Question

我試圖做腳本，檢查網頁，如果它需要基本的HTTP身份驗證或不執行之前執行所需的命令。

對不起，但我不明白在python這個檢查相關的庫和命令，我試圖搜索它，但沒有找到任何有用的信息。

例如，我需要該腳本來檢查www.google.com頁面，如果它要詢問憑據以查看頁面，或者不完成該命令。

Answer 1

如果服務器期望客戶端使用基本認證，它會向請求響應沒有與WWW-Authenticate頭這樣的認證，包含單詞'Basic'。請參閱HTTP RFC的Basic Authentication Scheme部分。

使用標準Python庫，你可以測試與：

from urllib2 import urlopen, HTTPError 

try: 
    response = urlopen(url) 
except HTTPError as exc: 
    # A 401 unauthorized will raise an exception 
    response = exc 
auth = response.info().getheader('WWW-Authenticate') 
if auth and auth.lower().startswith('basic'): 
    print "Requesting {} requires basic authentication".format(url) 

演示：

>>> from urllib2 import urlopen, HTTPError 
>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/passwd' 
>>> try: 
...  response = urlopen(url) 
... except HTTPError as exc: 
...  # A 401 unauthorized will raise an exception 
...  response = exc 
... 
>>> auth = response.info().getheader('WWW-Authenticate') 
>>> if auth and auth.lower().startswith('basic'): 
...  print "Requesting {} requires basic authentication".format(url) 
... 
Requesting http://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/passwd requires basic authentication 

要添加超時請求爲好，用途：

from urllib2 import urlopen, HTTPError 
import socket 


response = None 

try: 
    response = urlopen(url, timeout=15) 
except HTTPError as exc: 
    # A 401 unauthorized will raise an exception 
    response = exc 
except socket.timeout: 
    print "Request timed out" 

auth = response and response.info().getheader('WWW-Authenticate') 
if auth and auth.lower().startswith('basic'): 
    print "Requesting {} requires basic authentication".format(url)