在下面的代碼,g ++編譯器出奇不能決定當它們被嵌入在一個結構,作爲在一組比較器的參數使用哪個操作者:如何解決運算符重載嵌入結構中的歧義?
#include <string>
#include <set>
struct KeyWord {
std::string str;
int qt;
KeyWord(const std::string aKw = "", const int aQt = 0) : str(aKw), qt(aQt) {}
};
struct CompareKeywords {
bool operator() (const std::string& left, const std::string& right) const {
if (left.size() > right.size()) return true;
else if (left.size() < right.size()) return false;
else return (left < right);
}
bool operator() (const KeyWord& left, const KeyWord& right) {
if (left.str.size() > right.str.size()) return true;
else if (left.str.size() < right.str.size()) return false;
else return (left.str < right.str);
}
};
int main() {
std::set<std::string, CompareKeywords> a;
std::set<KeyWord, CompareKeywords> b;
std::string s("_s_");
KeyWord k("_k_", 1);
a.insert(s);
b.insert(k);
}
這裏是編譯器的輸出:
g++ oa.cpp
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_tree.h: In instantiation of ‘std::pair<std::_Rb_tree_node_base*, std::_Rb_tree_node_base*> std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_M_get_insert_unique_pos(const key_type&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Val = std::basic_string<char>; _KeyOfValue = std::_Identity<std::basic_string<char> >; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >; std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::key_type = std::basic_string<char>]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_tree.h:1498:47: required from ‘std::pair<std::_Rb_tree_iterator<_Val>, bool> std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_M_insert_unique(const _Val&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Val = std::basic_string<char>; _KeyOfValue = std::_Identity<std::basic_string<char> >; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >]’
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_set.h:502:29: required from ‘std::pair<typename std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Key, std::_Identity<_Key>, _Compare, typename __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Alloc>::rebind<_Key>::other>::const_iterator, bool> std::set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>::insert(const value_type&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >; typename std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Key, std::_Identity<_Key>, _Compare, typename __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Alloc>::rebind<_Key>::other>::const_iterator = std::_Rb_tree_const_iterator<std::basic_string<char> >; std::set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>::value_type = std::basic_string<char>]’
oa.cpp:28:13: required from here
oa.cpp:11:8: note: candidate 1: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const string&, const string&) const
bool operator() (const std::string& left, const std::string& right) const {
^
oa.cpp:16:8: note: candidate 2: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const KeyWord&, const KeyWord&)
bool operator() (const KeyWord& left, const KeyWord& right) {
^
oa.cpp:11:8: note: candidate 1: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const string&, const string&) const
bool operator() (const std::string& left, const std::string& right) const {
^
oa.cpp:16:8: note: candidate 2: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const KeyWord&, const KeyWord&)
bool operator() (const KeyWord& left, const KeyWord& right) {
^
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_tree.h: In instantiation of ‘std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::iterator std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_M_insert_(std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_Base_ptr, std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_Base_ptr, const _Val&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Val = std::basic_string<char>; _KeyOfValue = std::_Identity<std::basic_string<char> >; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >; std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::iterator = std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::basic_string<char> >; std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_Base_ptr = std::_Rb_tree_node_base*]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_tree.h:1502:38: required from ‘std::pair<std::_Rb_tree_iterator<_Val>, bool> std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Val, _KeyOfValue, _Compare, _Alloc>::_M_insert_unique(const _Val&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Val = std::basic_string<char>; _KeyOfValue = std::_Identity<std::basic_string<char> >; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >]’
/usr/include/c++/4.9/bits/stl_set.h:502:29: required from ‘std::pair<typename std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Key, std::_Identity<_Key>, _Compare, typename __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Alloc>::rebind<_Key>::other>::const_iterator, bool> std::set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>::insert(const value_type&) [with _Key = std::basic_string<char>; _Compare = CompareKeywords; _Alloc = std::allocator<std::basic_string<char> >; typename std::_Rb_tree<_Key, _Key, std::_Identity<_Key>, _Compare, typename __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Alloc>::rebind<_Key>::other>::const_iterator = std::_Rb_tree_const_iterator<std::basic_string<char> >; std::set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>::value_type = std::basic_string<char>]’
oa.cpp:28:13: required from here
oa.cpp:11:8: note: candidate 1: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const string&, const string&) const
bool operator() (const std::string& left, const std::string& right) const {
^
oa.cpp:16:8: note: candidate 2: bool CompareKeywords::operator()(const KeyWord&, const KeyWord&)
bool operator() (const KeyWord& left, const KeyWord& right) {
^
最後一行顯示編譯器顯示兩個候選項時的不明確性。
爲什麼這種歧義存在?我應該如何抑制它?
我在您發佈的文字中看不到「不明確」或類似的詞。它看起來像你編輯了關鍵部分。但作爲一個猜測,第二個不是「常量」,這可能是令人困惑的事情。 –
@Pete Becker我剛剛測試了它,你完全正確:它看起來像編譯器不能決定添加const到比較對象成員與一個確切的字符串參數匹配vs隱式地創建一個字符串的關鍵字,一個精確的函數常量匹配。 –
在此示例中,製作第二個'operator()''const'消除了這些消息。 –