錯誤：一個「命名空間」文件是必需的

Question

我試圖安裝使用Linux機器

R CMD INSTALL -l <ourRlibrarylocation> <path where I saved the packagename.tar.gz file> 

一些R封裝，我看到一個錯誤信息：

ERROR: a 'NAMESPACE' file is required 

我，使用R 3.0.1。請幫助，我是R新手，剛剛爲客戶下載了這些軟件包。

一個例子：

R CMD INSTALL -l /abcde/R/R-3.0.0/library /home/RFILES/PKG/UScensus2000tract_0.03.tar.gz 
* installing *source* package âUScensus2000tractâ ... 
ERROR: a 'NAMESPACE' file is required 
* removing â/abcde/R/R-3.0.0/library/UScensus2000tractâ 

Answer 1

編譯R-3.0.1，當我其實只是打了同樣的事情。它看起來是我使用的軟件包版本過時了。這是爲proto：

# /var/local/R-3.0.1/bin/R CMD INSTALL -l /var/local/R-3.0.1/lib64/R/library proto_0.3-9.2.tar.gz 
* installing *source* package ‘proto’ ... 
ERROR: a 'NAMESPACE' file is required 
* removing ‘/var/local/R-3.0.1/lib64/R/library/proto’ 

但有對原較新的版本（0.3-10），它工作得很好：

# ../var/local/R-3.0.1/bin/R CMD INSTALL -l ../var/local/R-3.0.1/lib64/R/library proto_0.3-10.tar.gz 
* installing *source* package ‘proto’ ... 
** package ‘proto’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked 
** R 
** demo 
** inst 
** preparing package for lazy loading 
** help 
*** installing help indices 
** building package indices 
** installing vignettes 
    ‘proto.Rnw’ 
    ‘protoref.Rnw’ 
** testing if installed package can be loaded 
* DONE (proto) 

我有一個較舊的安裝的R（2.15），其中舊proto軟件包：

# /var/local/R-2.15.0/bin/R CMD INSTALL -l /var/local/R-2.15.0/lib64/R/library proto_0.3-9.2.tar.gz 
* installing *source* package 'proto' ... 
** Creating default NAMESPACE file 
** R 
** demo 
** inst 
** preparing package for lazy loading 
** help 
*** installing help indices 
** building package indices 
** installing vignettes 
    'proto.Rnw' 
    'protoref.Rnw' 
** testing if installed package can be loaded 

它看起來像老版本的R實際上創建了缺失的NAMESPACE文件，但新版本保存。希望這可以幫助你！

Answer 2

According to the R documentation for writing extensions，所有發往版本3.0.0和更高版本的軟件包必須包含NAMESPACE文件。如果你下載一個R包，讓你上面的錯誤，這裏是你應該嘗試什麼：

解壓包：

tar -xvf the_package.tar.gz 

添加NAMESPACE文件與線exportPattern(".")：

cd the_package 
echo 'exportPattern(".")' > NAMESPACE 
cd .. 

重新焦油軟件包：

tar -zcf the_package.tar.gz the_package 

嘗試並重新安裝。

希望有所幫助。

Answer 3

我發現下面的鏈接更爲有用： How should I deal with "package 'xxx' is not available (for R version x.y.z)" warning?

6. The package is out of date

It may have been archived (if it is no longer maintained and no longer passes R CMD check tests).

In this case, you can load an old version of the package using install_version()

library(devtools) 
install_version("foobarbaz", "0.1.2") 

An alternative is to install from the github CRAN mirror.

library(devtools) 
install_github("cran/foobarbaz")