從xml文件檢索主要記錄/項目標籤名稱

Question

我是xml解析和xpath的新手。我需要創建一個可以查找記錄標籤名稱的解析器。例如，如果給這個XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> 
<items> 
<item> 
    <name>first item</name> 
    <description>first item description</description> 
</item> 
<item> 
    <name>second item</name> 
    <description>second item description</description> 
</item> 
</items> 

腳本應該能夠確定「項」是我要找的標籤名，而不在code.For某處指定它我，每個「項目「元素是一個記錄;針對給定的xml的示例響應將是「找到2項」。

這可以用xpath和php來完成嗎？

我爲我的解析器使用了xmlreader。

Answer 1

<? 
    $dom = simplexml_load_file("lectures.xml"); 
    $items = 0; 

    foreach ($dom->item as $item) { 
    //what u want to do here 
    $items += 1; 
    } 
?> 

我不認爲你會需要XPath，它最好用它來當你想在一個大的XML文件中找到一個特定的元素。

xpath query: /child::items/child::item 

Answer 2

可以使用該庫來XML轉換到PHP陣列

function xml2array($contents, $get_attributes=1, $priority = 'tag') { 
    if(!$contents) return array(); 

    if(!function_exists('xml_parser_create')) { 
     //print "'xml_parser_create()' function not found!"; 
     return array(); 
    } 

    //Get the XML parser of PHP - PHP must have this module for the parser to work 
    $parser = xml_parser_create(''); 
    xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_TARGET_ENCODING, "UTF-8"); # http://minutillo.com/steve/weblog/2004/6/17/php-xml-and-character-encodings-a-tale-of-sadness-rage-and-data-loss 
    xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0); 
    xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1); 
    xml_parse_into_struct($parser, trim($contents), $xml_values); 
    xml_parser_free($parser); 

    if(!$xml_values) return;//Hmm... 

    //Initializations 
    $xml_array = array(); 
    $parents = array(); 
    $opened_tags = array(); 
    $arr = array(); 

    $current = &$xml_array; //Refference 

    //Go through the tags. 
    $repeated_tag_index = array();//Multiple tags with same name will be turned into an array 
    foreach($xml_values as $data) { 
     unset($attributes,$value);//Remove existing values, or there will be trouble 

     //This command will extract these variables into the foreach scope 
     // tag(string), type(string), level(int), attributes(array). 
     extract($data);//We could use the array by itself, but this cooler. 

     $result = array(); 
     $attributes_data = array(); 

     if(isset($value)) { 
      if($priority == 'tag') $result = $value; 
      else $result['value'] = $value; //Put the value in a assoc array if we are in the 'Attribute' mode 
     } 

     //Set the attributes too. 
     if(isset($attributes) and $get_attributes) { 
      foreach($attributes as $attr => $val) { 
       if($priority == 'tag') $attributes_data[$attr] = $val; 
       else $result['attr'][$attr] = $val; //Set all the attributes in a array called 'attr' 
      } 
     } 

     //See tag status and do the needed. 
     if($type == "open") {//The starting of the tag '<tag>' 
      $parent[$level-1] = &$current; 
      if(!is_array($current) or (!in_array($tag, array_keys($current)))) { //Insert New tag 
       $current[$tag] = $result; 
       if($attributes_data) $current[$tag. '_attr'] = $attributes_data; 
       $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] = 1; 

       $current = &$current[$tag]; 

      } else { //There was another element with the same tag name 

       if(isset($current[$tag][0])) {//If there is a 0th element it is already an array 
        $current[$tag][$repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]] = $result; 
        $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]++; 
       } else {//This section will make the value an array if multiple tags with the same name appear together 
        $current[$tag] = array($current[$tag],$result);//This will combine the existing item and the new item together to make an array 
        $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] = 2; 

        if(isset($current[$tag.'_attr'])) { //The attribute of the last(0th) tag must be moved as well 
         $current[$tag]['0_attr'] = $current[$tag.'_attr']; 
         unset($current[$tag.'_attr']); 
        } 

       } 
       $last_item_index = $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]-1; 
       $current = &$current[$tag][$last_item_index]; 
      } 

     } elseif($type == "complete") { //Tags that ends in 1 line '<tag />' 
      //See if the key is already taken. 
      if(!isset($current[$tag])) { //New Key 
       $current[$tag] = $result; 
       $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] = 1; 
       if($priority == 'tag' and $attributes_data) $current[$tag. '_attr'] = $attributes_data; 

      } else { //If taken, put all things inside a list(array) 
       if(isset($current[$tag][0]) and is_array($current[$tag])) {//If it is already an array... 

        // ...push the new element into that array. 
        $current[$tag][$repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]] = $result; 

        if($priority == 'tag' and $get_attributes and $attributes_data) { 
         $current[$tag][$repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] . '_attr'] = $attributes_data; 
        } 
        $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]++; 

       } else { //If it is not an array... 
        $current[$tag] = array($current[$tag],$result); //...Make it an array using using the existing value and the new value 
        $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] = 1; 
        if($priority == 'tag' and $get_attributes) { 
         if(isset($current[$tag.'_attr'])) { //The attribute of the last(0th) tag must be moved as well 

          $current[$tag]['0_attr'] = $current[$tag.'_attr']; 
          unset($current[$tag.'_attr']); 
         } 

         if($attributes_data) { 
          $current[$tag][$repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level] . '_attr'] = $attributes_data; 
         } 
        } 
        $repeated_tag_index[$tag.'_'.$level]++; //0 and 1 index is already taken 
       } 
      } 

     } elseif($type == 'close') { //End of tag '</tag>' 
      $current = &$parent[$level-1]; 
     } 
    } 

    return($xml_array); 
} 

$ XML = xml2array（ '[XML內容]'）;

現在很容易使用foreach :)