在兩個文件中發現獨特的句子

Question

我有兩個文件，我試圖在兩個文件之間打印獨特的句子。爲此，我在python中使用difflib。

text ='Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. Perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy. Over the last two millennia. Physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry.' 
text1 ='Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. Physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry. Quantum chemistry is a branch of chemistry.' 
import difflib 

differ = difflib.Differ() 
diff = differ.compare(text,text1) 
print '\n'.join(diff) 

它不給我想要的輸出。它給我這樣。

P 
    h 
    y 
    s 
    i 
    c 
    s 

    i 
    s 

    o 
    n 
    e 

    o 
    f 

    t 
    h 
    e 

我期望的輸出是兩個文件之間只是唯一的句子。

文本=也許是最古老的通過將其列入天文學。在過去的兩千年中，這個數字超過了 。

text1 =量子化學是化學的一個分支。

此外，它似乎difflib.Differ是逐行而不是句子。請提供任何建議。我該怎麼做？

Answer 1

首先，Differ（）。compare（）比較行，而不是句子。

其次，它實際上是比較序列，如字符串列表。但是，您傳遞兩個字符串，而不是兩個字符串列表。由於字符串也是一個字符序列，因此您的案例中的Differ（）。compare（）會比較各個字符。

如果要按句子比較文件，則必須準備兩個句子列表。您可以使用nltk.sent_tokenize（文本）將字符串拆分爲句子。

diff = differ.compare(nltk.sent_tokenize(text),nltk.sent_tokenize(text1)) 
print('\n'.join(diff)) 
# Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. 
#- Perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy. 
#- Over the last two millennia. 
# Physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry. 
#+ Quantum chemistry is a branch of chemistry. 

Answer 2

正如DZinoviev在上面陳述的那樣，您將字符串傳遞給期望列表的函數。你不需要使用NLTK，你可以通過在句點上分割來把你的字符串變成句子列表。

import difflib 

text1 ="""Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. Perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy. Over the last two millennia. Physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry.""" 
text2 ="""Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. Physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry. Quantum chemistry is a branch of chemistry.""" 

list1 = list(text1.split(".")) 
list2 = list(text2.split(".")) 

differ = difflib.Differ() 
diff = differ.compare(list1,list2) 
print "\n".join(diff)