合併數據幀以創建縱向數據集

Question

我有三個橫截面數據集，我試圖將它們合併爲一個縱向數據集。有些措施是不變的（身份證，性別，社區），其他措施隨着時間而變化（x1和y）。我想爲上面提到的每個變量都有一個長整型最終數據集。我認爲merge_recurse（）會執行這個技巧，但它會爲y和x1分別生成兩列（儘管data12和data14會按照我的希望合併...也許是因爲這些變量在第一次合併後會重新命名）。有關如何簡單快速地做到這一點的想法？下面的示例數據。

#Constant over time 
id = seq(1, 100, 1) 
sex = sample(c("male","female"), 100, replace=TRUE) 
community = sample(c("comA", "comB", "comC", "comD"), 100, replace=TRUE) 
#2010 
year = rep(2010, 100) 
x1 = rnorm(100, mean=5, sd=1) 
y = rnorm(100, mean=10, sd=2) 
z = rep(5, 100) 
data10 = data.frame(cbind(id, year, sex, community, y, x1, z)) 
#2012 
year = rep(2012, 100) 
x1 = rnorm(100, mean=6, sd=1) 
y = rnorm(100, mean=11, sd=2) 
data12 = data.frame(cbind(id, year, sex, community, y, x1)) 
#2014 
year = rep(2014, 100) 
x1 = rnorm(100, mean=7, sd=1) 
y = rnorm(100, mean=12, sd=2) 
data14 = data.frame(cbind(id, year, sex, community, y, x1)) 
#Merge each year's data 
library(reshape) 
#Create a list of all datasets 
alldata=list(data10, data12, data14) 
#Merge data from multiple dataframes 
data = merge_recurse(alldata, by=c("id", "year", "sex", "community") 

head(data) 

id year sex community    y.x    x1.x z y.y x1.y 
1 1 2010 female  comC 13.1771632561173 4.87556993759158 5 <NA> <NA> 
2 2 2010 female  comB 13.7778630888456 6.69677435551805 5 <NA> <NA> 
3 3 2010 male  comD 9.42440506678606 3.10067578314296 5 <NA> <NA> 
4 4 2010 female  comB 11.0739409098036 4.12318001019941 5 <NA> <NA> 
5 5 2010 male  comB 11.6015489242693 4.9565493450503 5 <NA> <NA> 
6 6 2010 female  comB 6.52739602897104 3.76896148237067 5 <NA> <NA> 

Answer 1

我認爲你正在尋找這樣的：

all <- do.call(rbind, alldata) 
final <- reshape(all, v.names=c("y", "x1"), idvar=c("id", "sex", "community"), 
       timevar="year", direction="wide") 

head(final, 3) 
# id sex community y.2010 x1.2010 y.2012 x1.2012 y.2014 x1.2014 
# 1 1 female  comA 7.711 5.510 13.952 6.502 11.480 6.629 
# 2 2 male  comB 9.130 5.672 11.470 5.500 10.295 7.338 
# 3 3 male  comC 15.322 4.889 10.185 5.774 12.257 5.941