導入錯誤：使用PIP

Question

在安裝使用PIP Python包面臨HTTPSHandler錯誤不能導入名稱HTTPSHandler，以下是堆棧跟蹤，

--------desktop:~$ pip install Django==1.3 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/env/.genv/bin/pip", line 9, in <module> 
    load_entry_point('pip==1.4.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')() 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 378, in load_entry_point 
    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name) 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2566, in load_entry_point 
    return ep.load() 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2260, in load 
    entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__']) 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 10, in <module> 
    from pip.util import get_installed_distributions, get_prog 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/util.py", line 17, in <module> 
    from pip.vendor.distlib import version 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/vendor/distlib/version.py", line 13, in <module> 
    from .compat import string_types 
    File "/home/env/.genv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/vendor/distlib/compat.py", line 31, in <module> 
    from urllib2 import (Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError, 
ImportError: cannot import name HTTPSHandler 

我用來編輯模塊/ setup.dist文件，取消SSL行代碼並參照以下線程重建：http://forums.opensuse.org/english/get-technical-help-here/applications/488962-opensuse-python-openssl-2.html

Answer 1

如果需要SSL支持，則需要在構建Python之前安裝OpenSSL頭文件。在Debian和Ubuntu上，它們在名爲libssl-dev的包中。您可能需要一些更多的依賴項，as noted here。

Answer 2

您需要在安裝Python之前安裝OpenSSl來解決問題。

在CentOS：

yum install openssl openssl-devel -y 

^source

Answer 3

我在Mac OSX上這個問題，甚至確認我路徑後，等

沒過;點卸載virtualenv然後安裝virtualenv，它似乎現在起作用。

當時我強制brew連接openssl，取消關聯它和virtualenv仍然似乎工作，但也許這是因爲它是最初連接時，我重新安裝它。

Answer 4

對我來說，這個問題的另一個症狀是，如果我進入我的virtualenv的python控制檯，並做了import ssl它會出錯。原來我的virtualenv沒有使用python的brew版本，只是我機器上的默認安裝。不知道爲什麼默認安裝突然停止工作，但這裏是我是如何解決它的問題：

• rmvirtualenv myvirtualenv
• brew update
• brew reinstall python
• mkvirtualenv -p /usr/local/Cellar/python/whatever_version_number/bin/python myvirtualenv

Answer 5

在許多情況下，這是造成由過時的virtualenv，這是一個腳本來重新生成你的虛擬機：https://gist.github.com/WoLpH/fb98f7dc6ba6f05da2b8

只需將它複製到文件（以上下載鏈接），然後執行它是這樣的：zsh -e recreate_virtualenvs.sh <project_name>

#!/bin/zsh -e 

if [ ! -d "$PROJECT_HOME" ]; then 
    echo 'Your $PROJECT_HOME needs to be defined' 
    echo 'http://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.org/en/latest/install.html#location-of-project-directories' 
    exit 1 
fi 

if [ "" = "$1" ]; then 
    echo "Usage: $0 <project_name>" 
    exit 1 
fi 

env="$1" 
project_dir="$PROJECT_HOME/$1" 
env_dir="$HOME/envs/$1" 

function command_exists(){ 
    type $1 2>/dev/null | grep -vq ' not found' 
} 

if command_exists workon; then 
    echo 'Getting virtualenvwrapper from environment' 
    # Workon exists, nothing to do :) 

elif [ -x ~/bin/mount_workon ]; then 
    echo 'Using mount workon' 
    # Optional support for packaged project directories and virtualenvs using 
    # https://github.com/WoLpH/dotfiles/blob/master/bin/mount_workon 
    . ~/bin/mount_workon 
    mount_file "$project_dir" 
    mount_file "$env_dir" 

elif command_exists virtualenvwrapper.sh; then 
    echo 'Using virtualenvwrapper' 
    . $(which virtualenvwrapper.sh) 
fi 

if ! command_exists workon; then 
    echo 'Virtualenvwrapper not found, please install it' 
    exit 1 
fi 

rmvirtualenv $env || true 

echo "Recreating $env" 
mkvirtualenv $env || true 
workon "$env" || true 
pip install virtualenv{,wrapper} 

cd $project_dir 
setvirtualenvproject 

if [ -f setup.py ]; then 
    echo "Installing local package" 
    pip install -e . 
fi 

function install_requirements(){ 
    # Installing requirements from given file, if it exists 
    if [ -f "$1" ]; then 
     echo "Installing requirements from $1" 
     pip install -r "$1" 
    fi 
} 

install_requirements requirements_test.txt 
install_requirements requirements-test.txt 
install_requirements requirements.txt 
install_requirements test_requirements.txt 
install_requirements test-requirements.txt 

if [ -d docs ]; then 
    echo "Found docs, installing sphinx" 
    pip install sphinx{,-pypi-upload} py 
fi 

echo "Installing ipython" 
pip install ipython 

if [ -f tox.ini ]; then 
    deps=$(python -c " 
parser=__import__('ConfigParser').ConfigParser(); 
parser.read('tox.ini'); 
print parser.get('testenv', 'deps').strip().replace('{toxinidir}/', '')") 
    echo "Found deps from tox.ini: $deps" 
    echo $deps | parallel -v --no-notice pip install {} 
fi 

if [ -f .travis.yml ]; then 
    echo "Found deps from travis:" 
    installs=$(grep 'pip install' .travis.yml | grep -v '\$' | sed -e 's/.*pip install/pip install/' | grep -v 'pip install . --use-mirrors' | sed -e 's/$/;/') 
    echo $installs 
    eval $installs 
fi 

deactivate 

Answer 6

OSX +自制用戶：

你可以得到最新的更新到配方：

brew reinstall python 

但是，如果您仍然遇到問題，例如也許你升級了你的操作系統，那麼你可能需要先獲得最新的openssl。您可以檢查哪些版本，它是從哪裏使用：

openssl version -a 
which openssl 

要獲得最新的OpenSSL：

brew update 
brew install openssl 
brew link --overwrite --dry-run openssl # safety first. 
brew link openssl --overwrite 

這可能發出警告：

bash-4.3$ brew link --overwrite --dry-run openssl 
Warning: Refusing to link: openssl Linking keg-only openssl means you may end up linking against the insecure, deprecated system OpenSSL while using the headers from Homebrew's openssl. 
Instead, pass the full include/library paths to your compiler e.g.: 
-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib 

邊注：此警告意味着對於其他應用程序，您可能需要使用

export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib 
export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include 

然後重新編譯蟒蛇：

brew uninstall python 
brew install python --with-brewed-openssl 

或蟒蛇3

brew uninstall python3 
brew install python3 --with-brewed-openssl 

Answer 7

看來你pip需要HTTPSHandler這是SSL庫的一部分。

OSX

在OS X上，你應該Python安裝過程中鏈接的OpenSSL（請參見：#14497）。

對於Python 2：

brew reinstall python --with-brewed-openssl 
pip install --upgrade pip 

對於Python 3：

brew reinstall python3 --with-brewed-openssl 
pip3 install --upgrade pip 

你可以有多個Python的情況下一起，列出它們運行：

brew list | grep ^python 

或者列出你的版本通過ls -al /usr/local/lib/python*。

Answer 8

自制蛋白

這可能是由於升級到小牛造成的。這是我如何修復它。

更新OpenSSL的

#make a copy of the existing library, just in case 
sudo cp /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.apple 

# update openssl 
brew update 
brew install openssl 
brew link --force openssl 

# reload terminal paths 
hash -r 

重新安裝Python的

的Python 3

brew uninstall python3 

brew install python3 --with-brewed-openssl 

的Python 2

brew uninstall python 

brew install python --with-brewed-openssl 

這個答案將所有堆棧交易所答案s和我發現的評論，並且主要基於這個Apple Stack Exchange answer。

Answer 9

我正在使用Redhat並遇到同樣的問題。

我的解決辦法是：

1. 安裝OpenSSL和OpenSSL的-devel的----百勝安裝的OpenSSL的OpenSSL devel的-y
2. 安裝的krb5-devel的----百勝安裝的krb5-devel的
3. 改變你的Python的目錄，並重新編譯它----讓

如果我沒有做第2步，當我重新編譯我的python2.7，日誌會說：「不能夠培養模塊_ssl」。

Answer 10

在OSX，釀造不斷拒絕反對它的OpenSSL與此錯誤鏈接：

15:27 $ brew link --force openssl 
Warning: Refusing to link: openssl 
Linking keg-only openssl means you may end up linking against the insecure, 
deprecated system OpenSSL while using the headers from Homebrew's openssl. 
Instead, pass the full include/library paths to your compiler e.g.: 
    -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib 

我終於能得到它的工作：

brew remove openssl 
    brew uninstall --force openssl 
    brew install openssl 
    export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib 
    export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include 
    brew remove python 
    brew update 
    brew install python 

Answer 11

的Ubuntu

第一檢查是否安裝openssl-develop

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev 

嘗試另一種方式重新安裝pip

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools 
sudo easy_install pip 

使用setuptools安裝點子，而不是源代碼安裝可能可以解決依賴問題。