如何解決：TypeError：object（）不帶參數？

Question

這是我的計劃：

class member: 
    name = "" 
    phone = "" 
    number = 0 


    def init(self, name, phone, number): 
     self.name = name 
     self.phone = phone 
     self.number = number 


    def setName(self, name): 
     self.name = name 


    def setPhone(self, phone): 
     self.phone = phone 


    def setNumber(self, number): 
     self.number = number 


    def getName(self): 
     return self.name 


    def getPhone(self): 
     return self.phone 


    def getNumber(self): 
     return self.number 


    def displayData(self): 
     print("") 
     print("Name:", self.name) 
     print("Phone:", self.phone) 
     print("Jersey Number:", self.number) 



def displayMenu(): 
    print("") 
    print("==========Main Menu==========") 
    print("1. Display Team Roster.") 
    print("2. Add Member.") 
    print("3. Remove Member.") 
    print("4. Edit Member.") 
    print("5. Save Data.") 
    print("6. Load Data.") 
    print("9. Exit Program.") 
    print("") 
    return int(input("Selection> ")) 

def printMembers(memberList): 
    if len(memberList) == 0: 
     print("No Current Members in Memory.") 
    else: 
     for x in memberList.keys(): 
      memberList[x].displayData() 


def addMember(memberList): 
    newName = input("Enter new member's name: ") 
    newPhone = input("Contact phone number: ") 
    newNumber = int(input("Jersey number: ")) 
    memberList[newName] = member(newName,newPhone,newNumber) 
    #An updated list is returned. 
    return memberList 


def removeMember(memberList): 
    removeName = input("Enter member name to be Removed: ") 
    #First, check to see if the name given, already exists in the list. 
    if removeName in memberList: 
     #Use the del key to delete the entry at the given name. 
     del memberList[removeName] 
    else: 
     print("Member not found in list.") 
    #An updated list is returned. 
    return memberList 


def editMember(memberList): 
    #get the name of the member to be edited. 
    oldName = input("Enter the name of the member yopu want to edit. ") 
    #See if name is already in the list, if yes, get the index of the. 
    #given name, accept the new one, and replace the name in the list. 
    #with the new name. 
    #An updated list is returned. 
    if oldName in memberList: 
     newName = input("Enter the member's new name: ") 
     newPhone = input("Contact phone number: ") 
     newNumber = int(input("Jersey number: ")) 
     memberList[oldName] = member(newName, newPhone, newNumber) 
    return memberList 

def saveData(memberList): 
    filename = input("File name to be saved: ") 
    print("Saving Data...") 
    outFile = open(filename, "wt") 
    for x in memberList.keys(): 
     name = memberList[x].getName() 
     phone = memberList[x].getPhone() 
     number = str(memberList[x].getNumber()) 
     outFile.write(name+","+phone+","+number+"\n") 
     print("Data saved.") 
     outFile.close() 

def loadData(): 
    memberList ={} 
    filename = input("Filename to Load: ") 
    inFile = open(filename, "rt") 
    print("Loading Data...") 
    while True: 
     #Read in a line of text from the text file. 
     inLine = inFile.readline() 
     #If the line is empty, stop loading data. 
     if not inLine: 
      break 
     inLine = inLine[:-1] 
     name, phone, number = inLine.split(",") 
     memberList[name] = member(name, phone, int(number)) 
    print("Data Loaded Successfully") 
    inFile.close() 
    return memberList 



print("Welcome to the Team Manager") 
#Create an empty dictionary by changing tthe [] to {} 
memberList = {} 
#Get the first menu selection from the user and store it in a control value variable. 
menuSelection = displayMenu() 


#The main program loop will detect the correct entry from the user and call the appropriate. 
#method from the user's selection. 
while menuSelection != 9: 
    if menuSelection == 1: 
     printMembers(memberList) 

    elif menuSelection == 2: 
     memberList = addMember(memberList) 

    elif menuSelection == 3: 
     memberList = removeMember(memberList) 

    elif menuSelection == 4: 
     memberList = editMember(memberList) 

    elif menuSelection == 5: 
     memberList = saveData(memberList) 

    elif menuSelection == 6: 
     memberList = loadData() 

    menuSelection = displayMenu() 
print ("Exiting Program...") 

這裏是我的錯誤：

C:\Users\Patrick\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\python.exe C:/Users/Patrick/PycharmProjects/Week_6_assignment.py/Week_6_assignment.py 
Welcome to the Team Manager 

==========Main Menu========== 
1. Display Team Roster. 
2. Add Member. 
3. Remove Member. 
4. Edit Member. 
5. Save Data. 
6. Load Data. 
9. Exit Program. 

Selection> 2 
Enter new member's name: margie 
Contact phone number: 3134562252 
Jersey number: 88 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "C:/Users/Patrick/PycharmProjects/Week_6_assignment.py/Week_6_assignment.py", line 151, in <module> 
    memberList = addMember(memberList) 
    File "C:/Users/Patrick/PycharmProjects/Week_6_assignment.py/Week_6_assignment.py", line 74, in addMember 
    memberList[newName] = member(newName,newPhone,newNumber) 
TypeError: object() takes no parameters 

Process finished with exit code 1 

有什麼建議？

Answer 1

您將您的初始化方法命名爲init;正確的名字是__init__。雙下劃線是Python如何指示保留給Python「特殊」使用的名稱。通過不使用正確的名稱，超類（object的）__init__被調用，但它沒有參數，所以你得到的錯誤。

附註：在saveData中有另一個錯誤;最後的print和close調用幾乎可以肯定是縮進的，所以你寫的所有數據，不只是一個單一的項目。

另外：

while True: 
    #Read in a line of text from the text file. 
    inLine = inFile.readline() 
    #If the line is empty, stop loading data. 
    if not inLine: 
     break 
    inLine = inLine[:-1] 
    name, phone, number = inLine.split(",") 
    memberList[name] = member(name, phone, int(number)) 

幾乎應該成爲（在文件的頂部導入csv）：

for name, phone, number in csv.reader(inFile): 
    memberList[name] = member(name, phone, int(number)) 

它處理的逗號換行符和拆分爲你，不涉及一遍又一遍地調用.readline()的反模式（即使這不是CSV，按行迭代的正確方法是for inLine in inFile:，它避免了while,readline和if not inLine: break; for inLine in map(str.rstrip, inFile):也避免了顯式切斷尾部換行符的需要）。

Answer 2

您錯過了__。你

def init(self, name, phone, number): 
     self.name = name 
     self.phone = phone 
     self.number = number 

必須

def __init__(self, name, phone, number): 
     self.name = name 
     self.phone = phone 
     self.number = number