使用shell腳本來格式化文本文件內容

Question

事情是我想使用shell腳本來格式化我的文本文件內容。內容是這樣的：

http://copyright.gov.in Inlinks: 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/ anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/hi/home anchor: कॉपीराइट 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/?fontsize=normal anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/?contrast=high anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/?fontsize=large anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/sitemap anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/?fontsize=small anchor: Copyright 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/hi anchor: कॉपीराइट 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/?contrast=normal anchor: Copyright 

我想格式化爲輸出：

http://copyright.gov.in -> http://mhrd.gov.in/ 
http://copyright.gov.in -> http://mhrd.gov.in/hi/home 
http://copyright.gov.in -> http://mhrd.gov.in/?fontsize=normal 

等

Answer 1

$ cat foo.input 
http://copyright.gov.in Inlinks: 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/ anchor: foo 
fromUrl: http://mhrd.gov.in/hi anchor: bar 
http://foo.acme.gov Inlinks: 
fromUrl: http://foo.acme.gov/ anchor: foo 
fromUrl: http://foo.acme.gov/about anchor: bar 

$ awk '/^http/ { host=$1; next } NF { printf "%s -> %s\n", host, $2 }' foo.input 
http://copyright.gov.in -> http://mhrd.gov.in/ 
http://copyright.gov.in -> http://mhrd.gov.in/hi 
http://foo.acme.gov -> http://foo.acme.gov/ 
http://foo.acme.gov -> http://foo.acme.gov/about