我怎麼能理清缺少必需的位置參數

Question

在我而言，這是我的錯誤，當我運行代碼：

TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'Screen' 

現在通常這是可以解決的容易，但是對於一些奇怪的原因，我不能似乎解決了這個問題。我使用了一段完美的代碼，但現在我開始亂搞了，我的代碼現在充滿了錯誤。我會回到我的舊代碼，但是一旦我找出錯誤，這個新代碼將比舊代碼好很多。嘿，他們喜歡他們說，「你必須一步一步地採取一切措施」。

代碼（抱歉給了這麼大的代碼，但我不知道你是否需要在我的案件的全部代碼與否）：感謝您提前爲你的時間和精力

import pygame 
import sys 
from pygame.locals import * 

white = (255,255,255) 
black = (0,0,0) 
objs = [] 
MAIN_BUTTON = 1 


class Pane(): 

    def __init__(self, textToDisplay, coordinates, screen): 
     self.textToDisplay = textToDisplay 
     self.coordinates = coordinates 
     self.screen = screen 

    def drawPane(self): 
     self.screen.blit(self.font.render(textToDisplay, True, (black)), (250, 115)) 
     pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (black), self.coordinates, 2) 
     pygame.display.update() 


class Screen(): 

    #constants/array(?) outlining the x,y boundaries of each of x10 panes 

    #Remember to change co-ordinate values 
    #number of panes 
    NoOfPanes = 0 
    Panes = [] 

    def __init__(self, Screen): 
     pygame.init() 
     pygame.display.set_caption('Box Test') 

     self.font = pygame.font.SysFont('Arial', 25) 
     Screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1000,600), 0, 32) 
     self.screen = Screen #I'm guessing the error of my code is somewhere around here, however I thought that I had overcome the situation. Evidently I haven't "sigh"! 
     self.screen.fill((white)) 

     pygame.display.update() 

    def addPane(self, textToDisplay): 
     #right now it is displaying them all change so that it checks how many 
     #panes are on through (numberOfPanes = 0) 10 is limit display no more 
     #than ten. 
     paneLocs = [(175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (0, 0, 200, 100), 
        (600, 400, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100), 
        (175, 75, 200, 100) 
        ] 

     if self.NoOfPanes > 10: 
      print("Limit Reached")    
     else: 
      #self.Panes[self.NoOfPanes] = Pane(textToDisplay, paneLocs[self.NoOfPanes]) 
      #self.Panes[self.NoOfPanes].drawPane() 

      myPane = Pane(textToDisplay, paneLocs[self.NoOfPanes]) 
      myPane.drawPane() 

      self.NoOfPanes = self.NoOfPanes + 1 
      pygame.display.update() 


    def mousePosition(self): 
     global clickPos 
     global releasePos 
     for event in pygame.event.get(): 
      if event.type == MAIN_BUTTON: 
       self.Pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
       return MAIN_BUTTON 
      else: 
       return False 


if __name__ == '__main__': 

    myScreen = Screen() 
    myScreen.addPane("1") 
    myScreen.addPane("2") 
    myScreen.addPane("3") 
    myScreen.addPane("4") 

    while True: 
     ev = pygame.event.get() 
     for event in ev: 
      if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP: 
       posx,posy = pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
       if (posx >= 175 and posx <= 375) and (posy >= 75 and posy <= 175): 
        print("BOB") #Printing bob was for test purposes. 

     for event in pygame.event.get():   
      if event.type == pygame.QUIT: 
       pygame.quit(); sys.exit(); 

。

Answer 1

它看起來像你的構造爲Screen類有一個流氓參數：

def __init__(self, Screen): <-- the 'Screen' here is causing the issue. 

這就是你的錯誤信息，似乎有什麼在說。刪除'屏幕'參數，否則Python認爲它是一個位置（命名）參數。

至於說：我還建議閱讀Python風格指南（Google for PEP-8）。您似乎使用爲變量類保留的外殼，並且確實使任何編寫Python的代碼在任何合理的時間段內都不可讀取。