從另一個文本文件中替換文本文件中的行

Question

我是新來的python，我嘗試了一個新問題，但無法獲得解決方案。我已經叫replace.txt與內容像這樣的文本文件：

81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958 
82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958 
83, 44.2582, 58.1856, 49.9959 
84, 48.7511, 59.9199, 49.9957 
85, 53.4674, 59.3776, 49.9958 
86, 57.4443, 56.6743, 49.9959 
87, 59.7, 52.4234, 49.9958 

現在我多了一個文件名爲實際數據，它有一個巨大的像上面這樣一個數據量現在我想更換以上通過在actualdata.txt匹配像搜索「81」的第一數目與具有「81」線replace.txt

這裏替換它在actualdata.txt線actualdata.txt看起來像這樣：

--------lines above-------- 
81, 40.0   , 50.0   , 50.0   
82, 41.102548189607, 54.564575695695, 50.0   
83, 44.257790830341, 58.187003960661, 50.0   
84, 48.751279796738, 59.921728571875, 50.0   
85, 53.468166336575, 59.379329520912, 50.0   
86, 57.445611860313, 56.675542227082, 50.0   
87, 59.701750075154, 52.424055585018, 50.0   
88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0   
89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0   
90, 53.558991157616, 40.654756186166, 50.0   
91, 48.853051436724, 40.06599229952 , 50.0   
92, 44.335578609695, 41.75898487363 , 50.0   
93, 41.139049269956, 45.364964707822, 50.0   
94, 4.9858306110506, 4.9976785333108, 50.0   
95, 9.9716298556132, 4.9995886389273, 50.0   
96, 4.9712790759448, 9.9984071508336, 50.0   
97, 9.9421696473295, 10.002460334272, 50.0   
98, 14.957223264745, 5.0022762348283, 50.0   
99, 4.9568005100444, 15.000751982196, 50.0 
------lines below---------- 

我該怎麼做，請幫助我我試圖使用fileinput和取代，但我沒有得到輸出。

這是示例代碼我還在即興（一條線，這是工作的Fyn）：

oldline='  82, 41.102548189607, 54.564575695695, 50.0' 
newline=' 81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958' 

for line in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1): 
     print line.replace(oldline,newline), 

這是我最後寫的代碼：

replacefile= open('temp.txt','r') 
for line1 in replacefile: 
    newline = line1.rstrip() 
     rl=newline 
     rl=rl.split() 
     search =rl[0] 
     with open(inpfile) as input: 
     intable = False 
     for line in input: 
      fill=[] 
      if line.strip() == "*NODE": 
      intable = True 
      if line.strip() == "---------------------------------------------------------------": 
      intable = False 
      if intable: 
       templine=(line.rstrip()) 
       tl=line.rstrip() 
       tl= tl.split() 
       if tl[0] == search: 
       oldline=templine 
       for line2 in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1): 
        line2.replace(oldline,newline) 

但我不能沒有得到輸出actualdata.txt的內容正在獲得deletd，幫助我這個 輸出我想要的是改變像這樣actualdata.txt：

-------lines above------ 
    81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958 
    82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958 
    83, 44.2582, 58.1856, 49.9959 
    84, 48.7511, 59.9199, 49.9957 
    85, 53.468166336575, 59.379329520912, 50.0   
    86, 57.445611860313, 56.675542227082, 50.0   
    87, 59.701750075154, 52.424055585018, 50.0   
    88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0   
    89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0   
    90, 53.558991157616, 40.654756186166, 50.0 
    -------lines below------ 

Answer 1

是replace.txt也是大？如果沒有，你可以先加載到內存中，構建一個字典，並用它在actualdata.txt

我更換線就是我正在做的事情：

1. 首先打開replace.txt，並建立一個字典。由於您正在用線條的第一個值替換線條，因此我們將其作爲字典鍵。而其價值將是你想要取代的行。像：

   replacement_data = { 
           '81': '81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958', 
           '82': 82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958, 
           ... 
           ... 
   } 
   

2. 接下來我們開始閱讀由線actualdata.txt文件，行。所以，我們必須找到這一行的第一個數字是否被替換。所以，我們首先將它拆分爲,，得到第一個字符，看它是否存在於replacement_data字典中。如果它存在，我們將取代它，如果不存在，我們將簡單地忽略。

   line = "83, 44.257790830341, 58.187003960661, 50.0" 
   first_char = line.split(',')[0].strip() #first char is 83 
   # lets check whether to replace it or not 
   if first_char in replacement_data.keys(): 
       # if key exists, we have to replace 
       line = replacement_data[first_char] 
       print line # so that it writes to file 
   

把所有的拼在一起：

import fileinput 
import sys 

inpfile = 'actualdata.txt' 
replacement_file = 'replace.txt' 

replacement_data = {} 

with open(replacement_file) as f: 
    for line in f: 
     key = line.split(',')[0].strip() 
     replacement_data[key] = line 

for line in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1): 
    first_char = line.split(',')[0].strip() 
    try: 
     int(first_char) 
     line = replacement_data[first_char] 
     print line, 
    except (ValueError, KeyError): 
     print line, 
     continue 

這生成原始文件：

--------lines above-------- 
81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958 
82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958 
... 
... 
86, 57.4443, 56.6743, 49.9959 
87, 59.7, 52.4234, 49.9958 88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0   
89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0   
...   
99, 4.9568005100444, 15.000751982196, 50.0 
------lines below---------- 

Answer 2

使用fileinput模塊更換線路就地：

import fileinput 
def get_next_line(fptr): 
    x = fptr.readline() 
    if(x != ''): 
     return x.strip(), x.strip().split()[0].strip() 
    else: 
     return '','' 

f = open("replace.txt", "r") 

f_line, f_line_no = get_next_line(f) 

for line in fileinput.input("actualdata.txt", inplace=True): 
    if(line.strip().split()[0].strip() == f_line_no):   #if line number matches 
     print(f_line)           # write newline 
     f_line, f_line_no = get_next_line(f)     # Get next newline 
    else:              # Otherwise 
     print(line.strip())         # write original one 

順便說一下，我使用的是python3。請如果您使用python2