Python追加到兩個列表時，它應該只能追加到一個

我有一個列表稱爲包含兩個對象，它們是同一類的對象，他們都有一個「成員」列表的團隊。我將逐個追加到這些列表中。請參閱Fight.AddParticipant，但是我追加的兩個參與者對象似乎最終會出現在兩個團隊對象中，這是意想不到的行爲。這是爲什麼發生？Python追加到兩個列表時，它應該只能追加到一個

代碼：

class Fight: 
    participants = [] 
    teams = [] 
    attacked = [] 
    fighting = 0 

    def MakeTeams(self, team): 
     self.teams.append(team) 

    def NumParticipants(self, teamnum = None): 
     if (teamnum != None): 
      return len(self.teams[teamnum].members) 
     else: 
      return len(self.participants) 


    def AddParticipant(self, participant, team): 
     self.participants.append(participant) 
     ref = self.participants[-1] 
     self.teams[team].members.append(ref) 
     # print self.teams[1].members[0].name 

    def SetFighting(self): 
     self.fighting = self.NumParticipants() 

    def AnnounceFight(self): 
     print 'A battle between', self.NumParticipants(), 'fighters has begun!\n\n' 
     self.AnnounceTeams() 

    def AnnounceTeams(self): 
     print '' 
     for team in self.teams: 
      print "Team name:", team.name 
      print "Team morale:", team.morale 
      for member in team.members: 
       print member.name 


class Participant: 
    name = "" 
    race = "" 
    sex = "" 
    hp = 0 
    strength = 0 
    agility = 0 
    weapon = "" 
    alive = True 

    def __init__(self, name, race, sex, hp, strength, agility, weapon, alive = True): 
     self.name = name 
     self.race = race 
     self.sex = sex 
     self.hp = hp 
     self.strength = strength 
     self.agility = agility 
     self.weapon = weapon 
     self.alive = alive 


class Team: 
    name = "" 
    members = [] 
    morale = 0 

    def __init__(self, name, morale): 
     self.name = name 
     self.morale = morale 

Fight = Fight() 
Fight.MakeTeams(Team('Smart', 1)) 
Fight.MakeTeams(Team('Dumb', 1)) 
Fight.AddParticipant(Participant("Foo", "Human", "Female", 15, 15, 20, "Knife"), 0) 
Fight.AddParticipant(Participant("Bar", "Human", "Male", 15, 15, 20, "Sabre"), 1) 
Fight.SetFighting() 
Fight.AnnounceFight()

來源

2011-07-28 Arvin Johansson Arbab

原因可能是您的成員變量是一個類屬性而不是實例屬性。因此，在您的團隊類的所有實例中都可以看到成員變化。 – Marcin

在所有類的，要初始化實例變量是這樣的：

def __init__(self): 
    self.participants = [] 
    self.teams = [] 
    self.attacked = [] 
    self.fighting = 0

這樣，他們是獨立的每次吵架，參與者，團隊，而不是對所有的戰鬥，參加者或團隊共享。

來源

2011-07-28 01:15:41 agf

所做的列表作爲類屬性，這意味着該列表由所有實例共享。這是同一個列表。您應該創建列表實例屬性。通過在類的__init__（構造函數）方法中創建它們來實現這一點。

來源

2011-07-28 01:13:32 Keith

這非常有幫助，謝謝！ –

我認爲你的意思是成員是一個實例的成員，而是讓他們成爲類成員。試試這個：

class Team: 
    name = "" 
    morale = 0 

    def __init__(self, name, morale): 
     self.members = [] 
     self.name = name 
     self.morale = morale

您可能想要將所有其他變量移動到構造函數中，而不是將它們保留爲類變量。類變量由所有實例共享並由類擁有。

來源

2011-07-28 01:23:43

Python追加到兩個列表時，它應該只能追加到一個

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