檢查字符串是否包含嵌套列表的值 - python

Question

首先，你知道爲什麼這個代碼根本不起作用嗎？當我給它的輸入是「當史蒂夫出生的時候」，它什麼都沒有返回。其次，我幾乎可以肯定，這可以用一種更有效的方式編寫，這將使程序執行所需的時間更少。有任何想法嗎？謝謝！

import sys 

Bill_Gates = ["bill gates","1955", "Co-founder of Microsoft"] 
Steve_Jobs = ["steve jobs","1955", "Co-Founder of Apple"] 
Albert_Einstein = ["albert einstein","1879", "Phycisist"] 

PEOPLE = [Bill_Gates, Steve_Jobs, Albert_Einstein] 

userInput = input("say something") 

#checking if userInput contains the peoples name 
if userInput in [j for i in PEOPLE for j in i]: 
    for i in range(len(PEOPLE)): 
     if PEOPLE [i][0] in userInput: 
      if "when was" in userInput: 
       if "born" in userInput: 
        print(PEOPLE[i][0] + "was born in " + PEOPLE[i][1]) 

UPDATE： Ahsanul哈克給我只是回答我正在尋找。

Answer 1

'when was steve jobs born'不在您創建的列表中，無論它是什麼;由於外部if失敗，它內部沒有任何執行。

Answer 2

你應該嘗試通過分解每一步發生的事情來自己調試這些類型的問題。在每個階段打印變量或者使用shell或調試器（例如pdb）進行操作都非常有幫助。在這種情況下：

>>> Bill_Gates = ["bill gates","1955", "Co-founder of Microsoft"] 
>>> Steve_Jobs = ["steve jobs","1955", "Co-Founder of Apple"] 
>>> Albert_Einstein = ["albert einstein","1879", "Phycisist"] 
>>> 
>>> PEOPLE = [Bill_Gates, Steve_Jobs, Albert_Einstein] 
>>> things = [j for i in PEOPLE for j in i] 
>>> things 
['bill gates', '1955', 'Co-founder of Microsoft', 'steve jobs', '1955', 'Co-Founder of Apple', 'albert einstein', '1879', 'Phycisist'] 
>>> 'steve jobs' in things 
True 
>>> 'when was steve jobs born' in things 
False 

所以if userInput in [j for i in PEOPLE for j in i]失敗，因爲右側僅僅是一個字符串列表和Python是不是魔術。

無論如何，你的代碼幾乎都有，因爲它沒有初始檢查就可以工作。所以這個工程：

for person in PEOPLE: 
    if person[0] in userInput and "when was" in userInput and "born" in userInput: 
     print(person[0] + " was born in " + person[1]) 

請注意，直接for循環在這種情況下工作;沒有必要手動使用range和索引。使用and運算符也比嵌套的if語句更清潔。

這是很有效的，除非PEOPLE有幾千萬的元素。如果你到了這個階段，你可以看看搜索引擎索引技術。

Answer 3

如何製作Person課程？它簡單易讀，易於管理。

例如，我用get_role方法編寫了Person類。寫自己的get_name()和get_year_of_birth方法。

class Person: 
    def __init__(self, name, year_of_birth, role): 
     self.name = name 
     self.year_of_birth = year_of_birth 
     self.role = role 

    def get_role(self): 
     return self.role 

Bill_Gates = Person("bill gates","1955", "Co-founder of Microsoft") 
Steve_Jobs = Person("steve jobs","1955", "Co-Founder of Apple") 
Albert_Einstein = Person("albert einstein","1879", "Phycisist") 


person_list= [Bill_Gates,Steve_Jobs,Albert_Einstein] 


for person in person_list: 
    print person.get_role() 

輸出：

Co-founder of Microsoft 
Co-Founder of Apple 
Phycisist