Spring項目部署拋出org.apache.commons.logging.Log的ClassNotFoundException異常

Question

我有使用maven構建的Spring Web應用程序。我排除了從春季到使用SLF4J和Logback的commons-logging。但由於某些原因，部署失敗，出現以下錯誤

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/apache/commons/logging/Log; 
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method) 
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2436) 
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1806) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:256) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationServletAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:132) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:65) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:334) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:774) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:305) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5095) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) 
    ... 40 more 
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.logging.Log 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1295) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1147) 
    ... 54 more 

我不知道是什麼觸發了應用程序服務器，以尋找公共記錄，然後抱怨說，它不能找到它。我試圖找出我的應用程序中可能導致此錯誤配置（maven的依賴樹沒有顯示公共日誌記錄）。這裏是我的Maven配置

<!-- Spring MVC --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version> 
      <exclusions> 
       <exclusion> 
        <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> 
        <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> 
       </exclusion> 
      </exclusions> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> 
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-data-oracle</artifactId> 
     <version>1.1.0.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 

     <!-- Jackson --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> 
      <version>${jackson.databind-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- AspectJ --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> 
      <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- Other Web dependencies --> 
<!--  <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 
      <version>${jstl.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> 
      <version>${servlet.version}</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> 
      <version>${jsp.version}</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
--> 
     <!-- Spring and Transactions --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> 
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- Logging with SLF4J & LogBack --> 

     <dependency> 
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> 
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> 
      <version>${logback.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> 
      <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> 
      <version>${logback.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- Test Artifacts --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version> 
      <scope>test</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>junit</groupId> 
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
      <version>${junit.version}</version> 
      <scope>test</scope> 
     </dependency> 

的依賴關係樹：

我也查到Apache公地任何隱藏的引用。但我找不到任何。不知道是什麼原因導致了錯誤。我需要刪除Apache Commons，並使Spring使用SLF4J和logback。任何見解都值得讚賞。

Answer 1

您可以嘗試添加jcl-over-slf4j依賴項，這是根據this documentation需要的。

<dependency>          
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>     
    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>  
    <version>${jcloverslf4j.version}</version> 
</dependency> 

我希望它有幫助。