使用字符串變量來標識類的相應實例

Question

我有一個簡單的類來定義房間。最初，我設置了所有我需要的房間，（可能是數百個長列表），雖然在我的例子中我只設置了3個。然後我有一個字符串，我將用它來引用Rooms類的正確實例。例如，這可能是「X10Y10」。我想使用該字符串來標識相應的Rooms實例，但不知道如何關聯它們。

void Start() { 

     Rooms X10Y10 = new Rooms(); 
     X10Y10.Name = "The Great Room"; 
     X10Y10.RoomMonsters = 10; 
     X10Y10.Ref = "001"; 

     Rooms X11Y10 = new Rooms(); 
     X11Y10.Name = "Smoking room"; 
     X11Y10.RoomMonsters = 2; 
     X11Y10.Ref = "002"; 

     Rooms X12Y10 = new Rooms(); 
     X12Y10.Name = "Hunting Room"; 
     X12Y10.RoomMonsters = 7; 
     X12Y10.Ref = "003"; 



     // Don't Know the room Ref until runtime, during game. 
     // Want to get the room instance properties of one of the rooms eg. 

     string RoomAtRuntime = "X11Y10"; // dont know this until game is running 


     // fix following lines 
     print(RoomAtRuntime.RoomMonster); // would return 2 
     print(RoomAtRuntime.Name); //  would return Smoking room 
} 

public class Rooms 
{ 
    public string Ref { get; set; } 
    public string Name { get; set; } 
    public int RoomMonsters { get; set; } 
} 

Answer 1

這聽起來像你所需要的就是一個Dictionary - 這與鍵關聯的值的集合。在你的情況下，你可以將每個字符串關鍵字與不同的Rooms實例關聯起來，使其可以輕鬆（高效地）快速訪問任何實例。這裏是你的代碼可能會是什麼樣這種變化：

// Declare and initialize dictionary before using it 
private Dictionary<string, Rooms> roomCollection = new Dictionary<string, Rooms>(); 

void Start() { 
    // After you instantiate each room, add it to the dictionary with the corresponding key 
    Rooms X10Y10 = new Rooms(); 
    X10Y10.Name = "The Great Room"; 
    X10Y10.RoomMonsters = 10; 
    X10Y10.Ref = "001"; 
    roomCollection.Add("X10Y10", X10Y10); 

    Rooms X11Y10 = new Rooms(); 
    X11Y10.Name = "Smoking room"; 
    X11Y10.RoomMonsters = 2; 
    X11Y10.Ref = "002"; 
    roomCollection.Add("X11Y10", X11Y10); 

    Rooms X12Y10 = new Rooms(); 
    X12Y10.Name = "Hunting Room"; 
    X12Y10.RoomMonsters = 7; 
    X12Y10.Ref = "003"; 
    roomCollection.Add("X12Y10", X12Y10); 
    // The rooms should now all be stored in the dictionary as key-value pairs 

    string RoomAtRuntime = "X11Y10"; 

    // Now we can access any room by its given string key 
    print(roomCollection[RoomAtRuntime].RoomMonster); 
    print(roomCollection[RoomAtRuntime].Name); 
} 

請注意，您可能需要將指令using System.Collections.Generic添加到您的腳本文件。

您可以（也可能應該）也使用鍵字以外的字符串。在這裏，我認爲爲這些X/Y座標使用Vector2值會更有意義，而不是字符串。 （所以，像roomCollection.Add(new Vector2(10, 10), X10Y10);這樣的東西會更合適。）

希望這有助於！如果您有任何問題，請告訴我。