PostgreSQL的 - 無法創建角色

Question

你好，我是tryng創造on Rails應用程序紅寶石一datbase但我有這個錯誤

FATAL: role "giovanni" does not exist 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:661:in `rescue in connect' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `connect' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:242:in `initialize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `new' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `postgresql_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:436:in `new_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:446:in `checkout_new_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:422:in `acquire_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:349:in `block in checkout' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:348:in `checkout' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:263:in `block in connection' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:262:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:565:in `retrieve_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:in `retrieve_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:8:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:17:in `create' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:93:in `create' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:107:in `block in create_current' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each_current_configuration' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:106:in `create_current' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:17:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "pool"=>5, "database"=>"app_angular_rails_development"} 
FATAL: role "giovanni" does not exist 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:661:in `rescue in connect' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `connect' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:242:in `initialize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `new' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `postgresql_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:436:in `new_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:446:in `checkout_new_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:422:in `acquire_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:349:in `block in checkout' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:348:in `checkout' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:263:in `block in connection' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:262:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:565:in `retrieve_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:in `retrieve_connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:8:in `connection' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:17:in `create' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:93:in `create' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:107:in `block in create_current' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each_current_configuration' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:106:in `create_current' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:17:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' 
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "pool"=>5, "database"=>"app_angular_rails_test"} 

似乎沒有一個叫角色「喬萬尼」在我的本地計算機上，所以我試圖創建一個由PostgreSQL的控制檯登錄和插入查詢創建一個用戶：

sudo -u postgress -i 
CREATE ROLE giovanni WITH PASSWORD 'password' CREATEDB LOGIN CREATEROLE CREATEUSER SUPERUSER; 

但我recive這個錯誤：

ERROR: conflicting or redundant options

我試圖重寫某些其它方面，本查詢數據庫的正式文檔以下，但它沒有工作

Answer 1

你可以嘗試創建一個用戶與createuser程序，它具有相同的功能CREATE ROLE（其實它會調用這個命令），但可以從命令行運行。

$ createuser giovanni 
Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y 
Shall the new role be allowed to create databases? (y/n) y 
Shall the new role be allowed to create more new roles? (y/n) y 
CREATE USER 

或command line選項：

$ createuser -P -s -e giovanni 
Enter password for new role: xyzzy 
Enter it again: xyzzy 
CREATE ROLE giovanni PASSWORD 'xyzzy' SUPERUSER CREATEDB CREATEROLE INHERIT LOGIN; 
CREATE ROLE 

Answer 2

這就是我平時建立的Postgres，創建數據庫，它的作用是Ubuntu的終端在database.yml中使用

add-apt-repository ppa:pitti/postgresql 
##or use sudo apt-get install postgresql instead of repository 
apt-get -y update 
apt-get -y install postgresql libpq-dev 
sudo -u postgres psql 
# \password 
# create user blog with password 'secret'; 
# create database blog_production owner blog; 
# \q 

使用上述角色database.yml

development: 
    adapter: postgresql 
    encoding: unicode 
    database: blog_production 
    pool: 5 
    host: localhost 
    username: blog 
    password:secret 

一旦完成，您只需要運行bundle exec rake db:setup ....並且您將準備好db中的所有表。