引起：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException：org.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase

我是一個新手Struts2。運行單元測試時出現此錯誤。引起：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException：org.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase
消息：嚴重：錯誤加載類[com.ecs.local.register.action.RegisterActionTest] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：組織/阿帕奇/ Struts2的/ StrutsTestCase的
但我的項目已經是JUnit和StrutsTestCase也包括在內。希望你的幫助。非常感謝你！
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init 
    INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_40\bin;C:\Program Files\apache-maven-3.1.0\bin;. 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin 
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.j2ee.server:test' did not find a matching property. 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init 
INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load 
INFO: Initialization processed in 550 ms 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start 
INFO: Starting service Catalina 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:09 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start 
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.37 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml] 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml] 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml] 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (jakarta) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser) 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Overriding property struts.i18n.reload - old value: false new value: true 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info 
INFO: Overriding property struts.configuration.xml.reload - old value: false new value: true 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error 
SEVERE: Unable to read class [com.ecs.local.register.action.RegisterActionTest] 
Could not load org/apache/struts2/StrutsTestCase.class - [unknown location] 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder.readClassDef(ClassFinder.java:722) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder.access$400(ClassFinder.java:70) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder$InfoBuildingVisitor.extractSuperInterfaces(ClassFinder.java:767) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder$InfoBuildingVisitor.visit(ClassFinder.java:754) 
    at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(Unknown Source) 
    at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(Unknown Source) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder.readClassDef(ClassFinder.java:717) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder.<init>(ClassFinder.java:112) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.findActions(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:390) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.buildActionConfigs(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:347) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.ClasspathPackageProvider.loadPackages(ClasspathPackageProvider.java:53) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:260) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:429) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:473) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:295) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:424) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:115) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4072) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4726) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) 

Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error 
SEVERE: Error loading class [com.ecs.local.register.action.RegisterActionTest] 
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/struts2/StrutsTestCase 
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) 
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) 
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2854) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassLoaderInterfaceDelegate.loadClass(ClassLoaderInterfaceDelegate.java:34) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder$ClassInfo.get(ClassFinder.java:562) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder$3.test(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:622) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder$3.test(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:609) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.finder.ClassFinder.findClasses(ClassFinder.java:342) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.findActions(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:393) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.buildActionConfigs(PackageBasedActionConfigBuilder.java:347) 
    at org.apache.struts2.convention.ClasspathPackageProvider.loadPackages(ClasspathPackageProvider.java:53) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:260) 
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:429) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:473) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74) 
    at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:295) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:424) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:115) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4072) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4726) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) 
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1680) 
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) 
    ... 39 more 

Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start 
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init 
INFO: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start 
INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/32 config=null 
Oct 14, 2013 4:11:10 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start 
INFO: Server startup in 1248 ms
來源
2013-10-14 Nguyen Ngoc Hoang
您使用的是maven嗎？ –
這是一個缺少的依賴/不正確的類路徑。 –
@AleksandrM：是的，我使用Maven。 –
謝謝你的每一個機構！我已經解決了我的問題。因爲我是新手，所以我不知道如何使用單元測試，因此，當用戶在服務器上運行應用程序時，我使用StrutsTestCase。再次感謝大家！
來源
2013-10-18 15:02:17
引起：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException：org.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase

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