Mac OS X El Capitan - Scrapy/Python導入錯誤：無法導入名稱xmlrpc_client

Question

我想在Mac OS X El Capitan上使用Scrapy。我已經安裝了zsh，並且已經嘗試了所有我可以在網上找到的解決此問題的方法。我也看過Scrapy throws ImportError: cannot import name xmlrpc_client，無法解決我的問題！通過BREW安裝

Python和添加的 「PIP安裝scrapy」：

➜ DriverEBV which python 
/usr/local/bin/python 

我的.zshrc具有以下行：

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH 
export PYTHONPATH="/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages" 

這是錯誤我得到：

➜ DriverEBV scrapy runspider DriverEBV.py 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/usr/local/bin/scrapy", line 7, in <module> 
    from scrapy.cmdline import execute 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/scrapy/__init__.py", line 48, in <module> 
    from scrapy.spiders import Spider 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/scrapy/spiders/__init__.py", line 10, in <module> 
    from scrapy.http import Request 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/scrapy/http/__init__.py", line 12, in <module> 
    from scrapy.http.request.rpc import XmlRpcRequest 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/scrapy/http/request/rpc.py", line 7, in <module> 
    from six.moves import xmlrpc_client as xmlrpclib 
ImportError: cannot import name xmlrpc_client 

當我現在運行「pip install scrapy」時，這就是我所看到的：

➜ DriverEBV pip install scrapy 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): scrapy in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cssselect>=0.9 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): queuelib in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyOpenSSL in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): w3lib>=1.8.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): lxml in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): Twisted>=10.0.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.5.2 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): service-identity in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cryptography>=0.7 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): zope.interface>=3.6.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Twisted>=10.0.0->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): characteristic>=14.0.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from service-identity->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyasn1-modules in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from service-identity->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyasn1 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from service-identity->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): enum34 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): ipaddress in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): idna>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cffi>=1.1.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrapy) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pycparser in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cffi>=1.1.0->cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->scrape) 

有人能幫助我嗎？

Answer 1

什麼幫助我是卸載六scrapy，然後重新安裝：如果有必要sudo

pip uninstall six 
pip uninstall scrapy 

pip install six 
pip install scrapy 

運行。

---

或者，你也可以嘗試升級六scrapy：

pip install --upgrade scrapy 
pip install --upgrade six 

Answer 2

我有什麼，但疼痛與安裝在/Library/Python目錄中的Mac OS X系統的Python庫搞混。什麼工作以及對我來說是MacPorts的和virtualenv中的組合：

1. 安裝MacPorts

2. 從MacPorts的安裝Python，畫中畫，和的virtualenv：

   /opt/local/bin/port install python27 
   /opt/local/bin/port install py27-pip 
   /opt/local/bin/port install py27-virtualenv 
   

3. 設置的virtualenv：

   /opt/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7 myenv 
   

4. 激活的virtualenv（不要忘了點！）

   . myenv/bin/activate 
   

5. 安裝scrapy

   pip install scrapy 
   

這樣，系統的Python庫是原封不動，你可以安裝任何你喜歡的包而不必須刪除或升級現有的軟件包。

Answer 3

我相信OS X上的最佳解決方案應該是「不要使用系統python」。它會讓生活更輕鬆。 This link顯示如何做到這一點。

There’s a known issue that prevents pip from updating system packages. This has to be addressed to successfully install Scrapy and its dependencies. Here are some proposed solutions:

(Recommended) Don’t use system python, install a new, updated version that doesn’t conflict with the rest of your system. Here’s how to do it using the homebrew package manager:

1. Install homebrew following the instructions in http://brew.sh/
2. Update your PATH variable to state that homebrew packages should be used before system packages (Change .bashrc to .zshrc accordantly if you’re using zsh as default shell):

echo "export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc

3. Reload .bashrc to ensure the changes have taken place:

source ~/.bashrc

4. Install python:

brew install python

5. Latest versions of python have pip bundled with them so you won’t need to install it separately. If this is not the case, upgrade python:

brew update; brew upgrade python

Answer 4

嘗試通過pip卸載，然後使用easy_install命令重新安裝。我對另一個python模塊也有同樣的問題，這樣做可以解決Mac OS X El Capitan中的問題。