使用urllib閱讀mashabe API

Question

我有這段代碼來閱讀python 2中的Mashape.com API。我如何在python 3中閱讀它？

代碼

import urllib, urllib2, json 
from pprint import pprint 

URL = "https://getsentiment.p.mashape.com/" 
text = "The food was great, but the service was slow." 
params = {'text': text, 'domain': 'retail', 'terms': 1, 'categories': 1,'sentiment': 1, 'annotate': 1} 
headers = {'X-Mashape-Key': YOUR_MASHAPE_KEY} 

opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPHandler) 
request = urllib2.Request(URL, urllib.urlencode(params), headers=headers) 
response = opener.open(request) 
opener.close() 

data = json.loads(response.read()) 
pprint(data) 

我想這代碼，但它有以下錯誤：

import urllib.parse 
import urllib.request 

URL = "https://getsentiment.p.mashape.com/" 
text = "The food was great, but the service was slow." 
params = {'text': text, 'domain': 'retail', 'terms': 1, 'categories': 1, 'sentiment': 1, 'annotate': 1} 
headers = {'X-Mashape-Key': YOUR_MASHAPE_KEY} 

opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPHandler) 
request = urllib.request.Request(URL, urllib.parse.urlencode(params), headers) 
response = opener.open(request) 
opener.close() 

data = json.loads(response.read()) 
print(data) 

錯誤：

TypeError: POST data should be bytes or an iterable of bytes. It cannot be of type str. 

Answer 1

在這一行：

request = urllib.request.Request(URL, urllib.parse.urlencode(params), headers) 

嘗試更換到

data = urllib.parse.urlencode(params).encode('utf-8') 
request = urllib.request.Request(URL, data, headers)