的Mac OS XR錯誤「LD：警告：目錄沒有找到選項」

Question

我試圖從源代碼安裝的R包，但得到一個錯誤：

* installing *source* package ‘mclust’ ... 
** package ‘mclust’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked 
** libs 
gfortran-4.8 -fPIC -g -O2 -c mclust.f -o mclust.o 
gfortran-4.8 -fPIC -g -O2 -c mclustaddson.f -o mclustaddson.o 
clang -dynamiclib -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names -undefined dynamic_lookup -single_module -multiply_defined suppress -L/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib -L/usr/local/lib -o mclust.so mclust.o mclustaddson.o -L/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib -lRlapack -L/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib -lRblas -L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0/4.8.2 -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm -L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0/4.8.2 -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm -F/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/.. -framework R -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation 
ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0/4.8.2' 
ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0/4.8.2' 
ld: library not found for -lquadmath 
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation) 
make: *** [mclust.so] Error 1 
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘mclust’ 
* removing ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/mclust’ 
Warning in install.packages : 
    installation of package ‘mclust’ had non-zero exit status 

我沒有/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0，所以它有道理，它不能被發現。我有/usr/local/lib/gcc/i686-apple-darwin11和/usr/local/lib/gcc/4.8（符號鏈接到Homebrew安裝）。 x86_64-apple-darwin13.0.0從哪裏來？

有很多在線提及類似的錯誤。但是，它們都與編譯Xcode有關，並通過更新項目設置來解決，這在這裏不適用。

Answer 1

您需要修改~/.R/Makevars文件。有關此更詳細的信息，請參閱：https://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/r-release/R-admin.html#OS-X-packages

或者，此問題已由@ kevin-ushey在Rcpp warning: "directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/Cellar/gfortran/4.8.2/gfortran'"中更深入地回答過。

正在發生的事情是你的代碼不被gcc而是被轉發到clang下運行

您需要使用改變你的編譯報表~/.R/Makevars/到gcc：

VER=-5.3.0 
CC=gcc$(VER) 
CXX=g++$(VER) 
CFLAGS=-mtune=native -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion 
CXXFLAGS=-mtune=native -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion 
FLIBS=-L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/5.3.0/lib/gcc/5 

這是假設您已經通過自制軟件安裝了gcc：

brew install gcc 

（gfortran附帶gcc現在在沖泡）

Answer 2

從http://thecoatlessprofessor.com/programming/rcpp-rcpparmadillo-and-os-x-mavericks-lgfortran-and-lquadmath-error/您可以通過從http://r.research.att.com/libs/下載可選gfortran庫並將其解壓縮來解決此問題。在命令行上執行此操作

curl -O http://r.research.att.com/libs/gfortran-4.8.2-darwin13.tar.bz2 
sudo tar fvxz gfortran-4.8.2-darwin13.tar.bz2 -C/