Bash腳本參數

Question

我試圖將參數傳遞給我編寫的腳本，但無法正確理解。

我要的是一個沒有標誌一個強制的說法，並與國旗兩個可選參數，因此它可以被稱爲是這樣的：

./myscript mandatory_arg -b opt_arg -a opt_arg 

或

./myscript mandatory_arg -a opt_arg 
./myscript mandatory_arg -b opt_arg 

我看着getopts的和得到這個：

while getopts b:a: option 
do 
    case "${option}" 
    in 
     b) MERGE_BRANCH=${OPTARG};; 
     a) ACTION=${OPTARG};; 
    esac 
done 

if "$1" = ""; then 
    exit 
fi 

echo "$1" 
echo "$MERGE_BRANCH" 
echo "$ACTION" 

但它根本不起作用。

Answer 1

假設你強制性參數出現最後，那麼你應該嘗試下面的代碼：[評論在線]

OPTIND=1 
while getopts "b:a:" option 
do 
    case "${option}" 
    in 
     b) MERGE_BRANCH=${OPTARG};; 
     a) ACTION=${OPTARG};; 
    esac 
done 

# reset positional arguments to include only those that have not 
# been parsed by getopts 

shift $((OPTIND-1)) 
[ "$1" = "--" ] && shift 

# test: there is at least one more argument left 

((1 <= ${#})) || { echo "missing mandatory argument" 2>&1 ; exit 1; }; 

echo "$1" 
echo "$MERGE_BRANCH" 
echo "$ACTION" 

結果：

~$ ./test.sh -b B -a A test 
test 
B 
A 
~$ ./tes.sh -b B -a A 
missing mandatory argument 

---

如果你真的想要mandato RY參數出現第一，那麼你可以做以下的事情：

MANDATORY="${1}" 
[[ "${MANDATORY}" =~ -.* ]] && { echo "missing or invalid mandatory argument" 2>&1; exit 1; }; 

shift # or, instead of using `shift`, you can set OPTIND=2 in the next line 
OPTIND=1 
while getopts "b:a:" option 
do 
    case "${option}" 
    in 
     b) MERGE_BRANCH=${OPTARG};; 
     a) ACTION=${OPTARG};; 
    esac 
done 

# reset positional arguments to include only those that have not 
# been parsed by getopts 

shift $((OPTIND-1)) 
[ "$1" = "--" ] && shift 

echo "$MANDATORY" 
echo "$MERGE_BRANCH" 
echo "$ACTION" 

結果如下：

~$ ./test.sh test -b B -a A 
test 
B 
A 
~$ ./tes.sh -b B -a A 
missing or invalid mandatory argument