你如何爲一個過程設置環境變量？

Question

從How do I run an terminal command in a swift script? (e.g. xcodebuild)複製：

import Foundation 

@discardableResult 
func shell(_ args: String...) -> Int32 { 
    let task = Process() 
    task.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env" 
    task.arguments = args 
    task.launch() 
    task.waitUntilExit() 
    return task.terminationStatus 
} 

shell("ls") 
shell("xcodebuild", "-workspace", "myApp.xcworkspace") 

這看起來整潔。我只是想知道如何設置$PWD這樣的環境變量（在這裏命名爲task ......）。

---

我試過如下：

import Foundation 

@discardableResult 
func execCommand(_ args: String...) -> Int32 { 
    let process = Process() 
    process.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env" 
    process.environment = ["PWD": "/Users"] 
    if let env = process.environment { 
     print(env["PWD"] ?? "Unknown") 
    } else { 
     print("Environment not available!") 
    } 
    process.arguments = args 
    process.launch() 
    process.waitUntilExit() 
    return process.terminationStatus 
} 


execCommand("pwd") 

，並得到這些線路印刷：

/Users 
/private/tmp/AppIcon.appiconset 

顯然，環境變量已定，但對pwd命令沒有任何影響。

---

另一種方法：

import Foundation 

@discardableResult 
func execCommand(_ args: String...) -> Int32 { 
    let process = Process() 
    process.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env" 
    var environment = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment 
    environment["PWD"] = "/Users" //optionally set new vars, or overwrite old ones 
    process.environment = environment 
    if let env = process.environment { 
     print(env["PWD"] ?? "Unknown") 
    } else { 
     print("Environment not available!") 
    } 
    process.arguments = args 
    process.launch() 
    process.waitUntilExit() 
    return process.terminationStatus 
} 


execCommand("pwd") 

不幸的是相同的結果之前。

Answer 1

您只需將Process的environment變量設置爲一個[String: String]，其中包含值映射的變量。

let process = Process() 
// ... 
process.environment = ["home": "/Users/foo"] 

如果你想通過對當前環境下，你可以像這樣：

let process = Process() 
// ... 
let environment = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment 
environment["home"] = "/Users/foo" //optionally set new vars, or overwrite old ones 
process.environment = environment 

如果你想設置的工作目錄，這不是一個環境變量決定的，而是，通過currentDirectoryPath property。

let process = Process() 
// ... 
process.currentDirectoryPath = "/Users"