當@Commit使用@Transactional時，無法測試預期的異常

Question

我正在使用Spring Boot 1.4.0.M3。

我有，有一個username這應該是唯一的@Entity：

@NotNull 
@Column(unique = true) 
@Pattern(regexp = "[a-zA-Z_\\-\\.0-9]+") 
@Size(min = 1, max = 30) 
private String username; 

使用彈簧數據儲存庫，我想測試是否會有一個異常時，使用重複的用戶名。這個測試工作：

@SpringBootTest 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
public class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest { 

    @Autowired 
    private UserRepository repository; 

    @Test(expected = DataIntegrityViolationException.class) 
    public void test() { 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
    } 
} 

然而，增加@Transactional與@Commit時，測試失敗：

@SpringBootTest 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@Transactional 
public class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest { 

    @Autowired 
    private UserRepository repository; 

    @Test(expected = DataIntegrityViolationException.class) 
    @Commit 
    public void test() { 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
    } 
} 

但看日誌，該DataIntegrityViolationException被拋出：

2016-05-24 09:05:16.619 ERROR 22790 --- [ main] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unique index or primary key violation: "UK_D8HGQ87BS4VPMC81NQ9G69G8X_INDEX_D ON PUBLIC.MYPROJECT_USER(USERNAME) VALUES ('wim', 1)"; SQL statement: insert into myproject_user (password, username, role, id) values (?, ?, 'ADMIN', ?) [23505-191] 2016-05-24 09:05:16.620 INFO 22790 --- [
main] o.h.e.j.b.internal.AbstractBatchImpl : HHH000010: On release of batch it still contained JDBC statements 2016-05-24 09:05:16.629 WARN 22790 --- [ main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager
: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener@589b3632] to process 'after' execution for test: method [public void com.spring.boot.test.user.UserRepositoryIntegrationTest.test()], instance [com.spring.boot.test.user.UserRepositoryIntegrationTest@3ca278bc], exception [java.lang.AssertionError: Expected exception: org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException]

爲什麼測試失敗了嗎？難道JUnit會在Spring提交事務之前檢查異常是否被拋出？

Answer 1

基於由M.Deinum和斯蒂芬·尼科爾的意見，這是工作版本：

@SpringBootTest 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@Transactional 
public class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest { 

    @Autowired 
    private UserRepository repository; 

    @Test(expected = DataIntegrityViolationException.class) 
    public void test() { 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 

     TestTransaction.flagForCommit(); 
     TestTransaction.end(); 
    } 
} 

需要注意的是靜態方法需要被調用，使其工作。

Answer 2

您不需要提交。您只需將您的工作單元刷新到數據庫以便查看DataIntegrityViolationException。

這在Spring Reference Manual中描述。向下滾動到「誤報」的註釋。但請注意，必須通過@PersistenceContext（而不是@Autowired）注入EntityManager。

下應該可以正常工作對您：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@SpringBootTest 
@Transactional 
public class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest { 

    @Autowired 
    UserRepository repository; 

    @PersistenceContext 
    EntityManager entityManager; 

    @Test(expected = DataIntegrityViolationException.class) 
    public void test() { 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 
     repository.save(User.createAdmin(repository.nextId(), "wim", "123456")); 

     entityManager.flush(); 
    } 
} 

問候，

山姆（的筆者闡述了Spring TestContext框架）

Answer 3

我需要測試在MVC控制器測試DataIntegrityViolationException（ @WebAppConfiguration），並在內部應用做@ResponseStatus修改。所以你的方法不適合我，它太晚了。不幸的是在Spring 4中排除了@NotTransactional註解，所以我只是將我的測試分開爲@Transactional而不是事務性的。另請參閱http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/testing.html#integration-testing-annotations from

@NotTransactional is deprecated

UPDATE。 2種方式解決：

• 單獨測試明確的事務性和非事務性
• 使用@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NEVER)此時事務是不可取的