爲什麼Rails調用方法在當前版本（4.2.0）中不存在？

Question

我工作在一個Rails項目，使用Rails 4.2.0，Gemfile中：

gem 'rails', '4.2.0' 
# other gems......... 

我們有這兩款車型：

class shop < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :shop_categories 
end 

class ShopCategory < ActiveRecord::Base 
    # has a column named "shop_id" 
    belongs_to :shop 

    def self.some_max(shop) 
    # line number: 33 
    where(shop: shop).maximum(:some_value) 
    end 
end 

，我們有一臺發電機，這將調用 「some_max」在ShopCategory方法：

01：

# simplified, but just like this 
shop = Shop.first 
# lib/generators/shop/build/build_generator.rb:36 
ShopCategory.some_max shop 

和發電機由代碼我們的Rails應用程序中調用

# app/services/shop_service.rb:8 
Rails::Generators.invoke 'shop:build', [..params..] 

，我們得到這個錯誤：

NoMethodError (undefined method `convert_value_to_association_ids' for ActiveRecord::PredicateBuilder:Class): 
    composite_primary_keys (8.1.3) lib/composite_primary_keys/relation/predicate_builder.rb:24:in `expand' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb:43:in `block in build_from_hash' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb:21:in `each' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb:21:in `build_from_hash' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb:958:in `build_where' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb:584:in `where!' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb:574:in `where' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/querying.rb:10:in `where' 
    app/models/shop_category.rb:33:in `block in <class:ShopCategory>' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb:155:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb:155:in `block (2 levels) in scope' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/relation.rb:302:in `scoping' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb:155:in `block in scope' 
    app/models/shop_category.rb:28:in `block in <class:ShopCategory>' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:443:in `instance_exec' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:443:in `block in make_lambda' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:163:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:163:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_create_callbacks' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:306:in `_create_record' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/timestamp.rb:57:in `_create_record' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/persistence.rb:501:in `create_or_update' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:302:in `block in create_or_update' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:117:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:117:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:219:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_save_callbacks' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:302:in `create_or_update' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/persistence.rb:120:in `save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/validations.rb:37:in `save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:21:in `save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:286:in `block (2 levels) in save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:347:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:188:in `within_new_transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:344:in `with_transaction_returning_status' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:286:in `block in save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:301:in `rollback_active_record_state!' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:285:in `save' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb:79:in `_create_record' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb:21:in `create' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb:22:in `create_shop_category' 
    lib/generators/shop/build/build_generator.rb:36:in `create_shop_category' 
    lib/generators/shop/build/build_generator.rb:30:in `copy_shop_files' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `block in invoke_all' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `each' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `map' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `invoke_all' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/group.rb:232:in `dispatch' 
    thor (0.19.1) lib/thor/base.rb:440:in `start' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/generators.rb:157:in `invoke' 
    app/services/shop_service.rb:8:in `build' 
    app/controllers/after_registers_controller.rb:180:in `go_shop_step' 
    app/controllers/after_registers_controller.rb:107:in `go_retail_steps' 
    app/controllers/after_registers_controller.rb:46:in `update' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:198:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:20:in `block in process_action' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:117:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:117:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_process_action_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:137:in `process' 
    actionview (4.2.0) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:195:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:236:in `block in action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:73:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:73:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:42:in `serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:43:in `block in serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `each' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:802:in `call' 
    rack-raw-upload (1.1.1) lib/rack/raw_upload.rb:18:in `call' 
    warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `block in call' 
    warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `catch' 
    warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/etag.rb:24:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:38:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/head.rb:13:in `call' 
    remotipart (1.2.1) lib/remotipart/middleware.rb:27:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:260:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:647:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/migration.rb:378:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_call_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call' 
    web-console (2.3.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:20:in `block in call' 
    web-console (2.3.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:18:in `catch' 
    web-console (2.3.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:18:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:113:in `call' 
    rack-cors (0.4.0) lib/rack/cors.rb:80:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/application.rb:164:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/connection.rb:86:in `block in pre_process' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/connection.rb:84:in `catch' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/connection.rb:84:in `pre_process' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/connection.rb:53:in `process' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/connection.rb:39:in `receive_data' 
    eventmachine (1.2.0.1) lib/eventmachine.rb:194:in `run_machine' 
    eventmachine (1.2.0.1) lib/eventmachine.rb:194:in `run' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/backends/base.rb:73:in `start' 
    thin (1.6.4) lib/thin/server.rb:162:in `start' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/thin.rb:19:in `run' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/server.rb:286:in `start' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/server.rb:80:in `start' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>' 
    bin/rails:8:in `require' 
    bin/rails:8:in `<top (required)>' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run' 
    spring (1.7.1) bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>' 
    /home/robin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require' 
    /home/robin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require' 
    bin/spring:13:in `<top (required)>' 
    bin/rails:3:in `load' 
    bin/rails:3:in `<main>' 


    Rendered /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (12.4ms) 
    Rendered /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.html.erb (4.1ms) 
    Rendered /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.html.erb (1.3ms) 
    Rendered /home/robin/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.html.erb within rescues/layout (32.8ms) 

我明白這errore發生時Rails的嘗試轉換這一行：

到

where(shop: shop).maximum(:some_value) 

類似的東西：

# when I change the line above to this, the error disappeared 
where(shop_id: shop.id).maximum(:some_value) 

也，我檢查了Rails文檔，發現ActiveRecord :: PredicateBuilder有Rails版本4.2.1中稱爲「convert_value_to_association_ids」的類方法，但不包含在4.2.0中。那麼爲什麼Rails調用一個方法在當前版本（4.2.0）中不存在？這是否與調用發生器的環境有關？提前致謝。

===========================================

更新： 在我的rails項目中，我運行「bundle show activerecord」，它給了我一個activerecord gem的路徑，並按照這個路徑，我在「lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb」中打開該文件，並且我無法在此文件中找到類方法「convert_value_to_association_ids」。

Answer 1

錯誤實際上是從composite_primary_keys, v8.1.3，沒有軌道來/ ActiveRecord的：

value = convert_value_to_association_ids(value, primary_key) 

它使用這種方法，即使它depends on activerecord 4.2.0，在該方法does not yet exist。這是該版本composite_primary_keys寶石中的一個錯誤。