Python的商店一行行從文本文件列表

Question

我有一個文本文件，像這樣，我想處理它在Python

info.txt

firstname1 
    surname1 
    email@email.com1 
    student1 
------------------- 
    firstname2 
    surname2 
    email@email.com2 
    student2 
----------------- 

我想寫一Python代碼這iterares並存儲在每個指數法示例的每一行：[firstname,surname,email@email.com,student]並忽略"-----"

Python代碼

with open('log.txt') as f: 
     lines = f.read().splitlines() 
     x = x + 1 

    for i in lines: 
     print i 

，但我認爲這是不對的我AMM很新的蟒蛇可以有一個人請點我在正確的方向 我想輸出到我的財產以後，像這樣

輸出

index 1 :first name: firstname1 
     Surname: surname1 
     Email: email@email.com1 
     Student student1 

index 2 :first name: firstname2 
     Surname: surname2 
     Email: email@email.com2 
     student: student2 

Answer 1

我知道這將是更好的形式來解釋如何做這樣的一般準則，但對於這樣一個簡單的任務，代碼自己說話，真的...

我會這樣實現它。

from pprint import pprint # For nicer formatting of the output. 

# For the sake of a self-contained example, 
# the data is inlined here. 
# 
# `f` could be replaced with `open('log.txt'). 

f = """ 
    firstname1 
    surname1 
    email@email.com1 
    student1 
------------------- 
    firstname2 
    surname2 
    email@email.com2 
    student2 
----------------- 
""".splitlines() 

data = [] 
current = None 
for line in f: 
    line = line.strip() # Remove leading and trailing spaces 
    if not line: # Ignore empty lines 
     continue # Skip the rest of this iteration. 
    if line.startswith('-----'): # New record. 
     current = None # Clear the `current` variable 
     continue # Skip the rest of the iteration 
    if current is None: # No current entry? 
     # This can happen either after a ----- line, or 
     # when we're dealing with the very first line of the file. 

     current = [] # Create an empty list, 
     data.append(current) # and push it to the list of data. 
    current.append(line) 

pprint(data) 

輸出是一個列表的列表：

[['firstname1', 'surname1', 'email@email.com1', 'student1'], 
['firstname2', 'surname2', 'email@email.com2', 'student2']] 

Answer 2

這裏的，可能是更優雅一點的解決方案。 （只要你的文件嚴格保持從你的榜樣的格式，即數據後跟一個虛線的四條線。）

from itertools import izip # skip this line if you are using Python 3 

with open('info.txt') as f: 
    result = [{'first name': first.strip(), 'Surname': sur.strip(), 
       'Email': mail.strip(), 'student': stud.strip()} 
       for first, sur, mail, stud, _ in izip(*[f]*5)] 

這給你的詞典列表如下：

[{'first name': 'firstname1', 'Surname': 'surname1', 'Email': 'email@email.com1', 'student': 'student1'}, {'first name': 'firstname2', 'Surname': 'surname2', 'Email': 'email@email.com2', 'student': 'student2'}] 

如果您的「索引1」對應於列表的第一個元素（即result[0]），則「索引2」對應於列表的第二個元素，依此類推。

例如，你可以得到你index == 2用的姓氏：

index = 2 
result[index - 1]['Surname'] 

如果你真的困擾，該指數被轉移，你可以建立從結果的字典。演示：

>>> result = dict(enumerate(result, 1)) 
>>> result 
{1: {'first name': 'firstname1', 'Surname': 'surname1', 'Email': 'email@email.com1', 'student': 'student1'}, 2: {'first name': 'firstname2', 'Surname': 'surname2', 'Email': 'email@email.com2', 'student': 'student2'}} 
>>> 
>>> result[2]['Surname'] 
'surname2' 
>>> 
>>> for index, info in result.items(): 
...  print index, info['first name'], info['Surname'], info['Email'], info['student'] 
... 
1 firstname1 surname1 email@email.com1 student1 
2 firstname2 surname2 email@email.com2 student2