Python多重繼承（RPG示例）

Question

我只是想整理一個簡單的RPG示例，以便學習Python中的OOP。

我創建了一個基類CharRace（object）。然後我創建了兩個派生類，Elf（CharRace）和Dwarf（CharRace）。另外，我有第二個基類CharClass（object），它有兩個派生類：Wizard（CharClass）和Warrior（CharClass）。

我希望能夠做的是創建一個名爲NewChar的新類，我可以傳遞一個名稱，一個種族和一個類，它將創建適當的對象，繼承所有的屬性比賽和班級。

例如，我想創建NewChar的一個類的實例像這樣的東西： PLAYER1 = NewChar（ 「鮑勃」，精靈，精靈） Player2 = NewChar（ 「菲爾」，矮人，戰士）

我確定有一個聰明/正確/可擴展的方式來做到這一點，或者我的班級應該組織不同，但我很難找到它。任何幫助或建議表示讚賞！

class CharRace(object): 
    'race for all characters' 
    health = 0 
    mana = 0 
    race = "" 
    name = "" 
    def __init__(self, health, mana, race, name): 
     self.health = health 
     self.mana = mana 
     self.race = race 
     self.name = name 
     print ("self = ",self) 
    def decreaseHealth (self, amount): 
     self.health = self.health - amount 
     print ("Decreased health to: ", self.health) 
     if (self.health) <= 0: 
      print (self.name, "has died!!!") 
    def increaseHealth (self, amount): 
     self.health = self.health + amount 
     print ("Increased health to: ", self.health) 
    def printStats(self): 
     print() 
     print("Stats for",self.name) 
     print (" Race =",self.race) 
     print (" Health =",self.health) 
     print (" Mana =",self.mana) 
     CharClass.printStats(self) 
    def __str__(self): 
     return (self.name) 

class CharClass(object): 
    'class for all characters' 
    weapon = "" 
    armor = 0 
    def __init__(self, weapon, armor, classname): 
     self.weapon = weapon 
     self.armor = armor 
     self.classname = classname 
     print ("self = ",self) 
    def printStats(self): 
     print (" Weapon =",self.weapon) 
     print (" Armor =",self.armor) 

# Character Classes 
class Warrior(CharClass): 
    'warrior class' 
    weapon = "Sword" 
    armor = 200 
    classname = "Warrior" 
    def __init__(self): 
     CharClass.__init__(self, self.weapon, self.armor, self.classname) 

class Wizard(CharClass): 
    'wizard class' 
    weapon = "Wand" 
    armor = 100 
    classname = "Wizard" 
    def __init__(self): 
     CharClass.__init__(self, self.weapon, self.armor, self.classname) 

# Character Races 
class Elf(CharRace): 
    'Elf subclass' 
    health = 100 
    mana = 200 
    race = "Elf" 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     CharRace.__init__(self, self.health, self.mana, self.race, name) 

class Dwarf(CharRace): 
    'Dwarf subclass' 
    health = 200 
    mana = 100 
    race = "Dwarf" 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     CharRace.__init__(self, self.health, self.mana, self.race, name) 


# This is not an efficient or scalable way to do this.... 
class ElfWarrior(Elf,Warrior): 
    'New character creation' 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     Elf.__init__(self, name) 
     Warrior.__init__(self) 

class ElfWizard(Elf,Wizard): 
    'New character creation' 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     Elf.__init__(self, name) 
     Wizard.__init__(self) 

class DwarfWarrior(Dwarf,Warrior): 
    'New character creation' 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     Dwarf.__init__(self, name) 
     Warrior.__init__(self) 

class DwarfWizard(Dwarf,Wizard): 
    'New character creation' 
    def __init__(self, name): 
     Dwarf.__init__(self, name) 
     Wizard.__init__(self) 

Answer 1

我想什麼，能夠做的就是創建一個名爲NewChar新的類，我可以通過一個名字，一個種族，一個類，它會創建一個繼承合適的對象種族和階級的所有屬性。

如果你真的想用這種方法，你可以嘗試這樣的事：

def create_character(race, class, name): 
    type_name = race.__name__ + class.__name__ 
    return type(type_name, (race, class), {'name'=name} 

Here是類型功能商量好了，和元類，您可以使用微調這更進一步。

這就是說，這真的不是最好的方法。喜歡構成繼承。如果你的角色改變了課程，或者你想要雙重課程？

你可以嘗試這樣的事情，而不是：

class Character(object): 

    def __init__(name, race, class): 
     self.name = name 
     self.race = race.race 
     #etc 

    def increase_health(amount): 
     self.race.increase_health(amount) 

檢查出書設計模式：可複用面向對象軟件或Head First設計模式的元素，以瞭解更多信息。