Heroku上的應用程序錯誤無法找到或加載主類

我在Spring MVC和Tomcat上做了簡單的應用程序。它也連接到數據庫。我的應用程序的代碼在底部。當我在電腦上運行它的工作完美，但是當我在Heroku上部署它，我得到一個Heroku上的應用程序錯誤無法找到或加載主類

Application Error:

An error occurred in the application and your page could not be served. Please try again in a few moments. If you are the application owner, check your logs for details.

我有錯誤時，它推動和下面是我的Heroku的日誌：

2016-11-02T18:12:07.193103+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `java -cp target/classes/:target/dependency/* com.shop.cond.MainController` 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.518875+00:00 app[web.1]: Setting JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS defaults based on dyno size. Custom settings will override them. 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.522830+00:00 app[web.1]: Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Xmx350m -Xss512k -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.720990+00:00 app[web.1]: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/ui/Model 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.715926+00:00 app[web.1]: Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721171+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721268+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721330+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721391+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721513+00:00 app[web.1]: at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721451+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721715+00:00 app[web.1]: Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.ui.Model 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721576+00:00 app[web.1]: at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721778+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721838+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721902+00:00 app[web.1]: at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.721988+00:00 app[web.1]: at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.722057+00:00 app[web.1]: ... 7 more 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.843097+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed 
2016-11-02T18:12:09.847741+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1 
2016-11-02T18:12:11.191694+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=bestmuzonproject.herokuapp.com request_id=0c01c995-e9b1-4c86-84bb-9b4abbdcabd4 fwd="178.94.207.167" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= 
2016-11-02T18:12:11.429322+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/favicon.ico" host=bestmuzonproject.herokuapp.com request_id=cf7c5536-8106-46e5-9e4c-db48d17242cf fwd="178.94.207.167" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=

什麼也可以是？爲什麼我可以得到這個錯誤？

我的代碼。主控制器：

package com.shop.cond; 

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.operations.Mod; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.ui.Model; 

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 

import com.shop.cond.model.Product; 
import com.shop.cond.service.ProductService; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; 

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
import java.util.List; 

@Controller 
@RequestMapping("/") 
public class MainController { 

    private ProductService productService; 

    @Autowired(required=true) 
    @Qualifier(value="productService") 
    public void setPersonService(ProductService ps){ 
     this.productService = ps; 
    } 

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String index(Model model) { 
     return "index"; 
    } 

    @RequestMapping(value = {"/home"}, method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String homePage() { 
     System.out.println("home"); 
     return "forward:/"; 
    } 

    @RequestMapping(value = "/about", method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String aboutPage(Model model) { 
     System.out.println("about"); 
     return "forward:/"; 
    } 

    @ResponseBody 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/products/listProducts", method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public List<Product> getProducts() { 
     List<Product> products = this.productService.listProducts(); 
     return products; 
    } 

    @RequestMapping(value = {"/products"}, method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String productsPage() { 
     System.out.println("products"); 
     return "forward:/"; 
    } 

    @RequestMapping(value = {"/contacts"}, method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String contactsPage() { 
     System.out.println("contacts"); 
     return "forward:/"; 
    } 
}

的pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
    <groupId>com.shop.cond</groupId> 
    <artifactId>OnlineShop</artifactId> 
    <name>OnlineShop</name> 
    <packaging>war</packaging> 
    <version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version> 
    <properties> 
     <java-version>1.6</java-version> 
     <org.springframework-version>4.0.3.RELEASE</org.springframework-version> 
     <org.aspectj-version>1.7.4</org.aspectj-version> 
     <org.slf4j-version>1.7.5</org.slf4j-version> 
     <hibernate.version>4.3.5.Final</hibernate.version> 
    </properties> 
    <dependencies> 

     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <dependency> 
      <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 
      <version>5.1.9</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- Spring --> 

     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- Hibernate --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> 
      <version>${hibernate.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
      <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> 
      <version>${hibernate.version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- Apache Commons DBCP --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> 
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> 
      <version>1.4</version> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- Spring ORM --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- AspectJ --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> 
      <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> 
      <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version> 
     </dependency> 


     <!-- @Inject --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> 
      <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> 
      <version>1</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!-- Servlet --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> 
      <version>2.5</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> 
      <version>2.1</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 
      <version>1.2</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!--JSON Response--> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> 
      <version>1.7.1</version> 
     </dependency> 

     <!--PostgreeSQL--> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>postgresql</groupId> 
      <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> 
      <version>9.1-901.jdbc4</version> 
     </dependency> 

    </dependencies> 
    <build> 
     <plugins> 


      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.3</version> 
       <executions> 
        <execution> 
         <phase>package</phase> 
         <goals><goal>copy</goal></goals> 
         <configuration> 
          <artifactItems> 
           <artifactItem> 
            <groupId>com.github.jsimone</groupId> 
            <artifactId>webapp-runner</artifactId> 
            <version>8.0.30.2</version> 
            <destFileName>webapp-runner.jar</destFileName> 
           </artifactItem> 
          </artifactItems> 
         </configuration> 
        </execution> 
       </executions> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.5.1</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <source>1.6</source> 
        <target>1.6</target> 
        <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument> 
        <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> 
        <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 
      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> 
       <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>1.2.1</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 






      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> 
       <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.2</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url> 
        <server>OnlineShop</server> 
        <path>/</path> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 


      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> 
       <artifactId>appassembler-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>1.1.1</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <assembleDirectory>target</assembleDirectory> 
        <programs> 
         <program> 
          <mainClass>com.shop.cond.MainController</mainClass> 
          <name>webapp</name> 
         </program> 
        </programs> 
       </configuration> 
       <executions> 
        <execution> 
         <phase>package</phase> 
         <goals> 
          <goal>assemble</goal> 
         </goals> 
        </execution> 
       </executions> 
      </plugin> 


     </plugins> 
     <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> 
    </build> 
</project>

servlet的上下文：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"> 

    <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing 
     infrastructure --> 

    <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model --> 
    <annotation-driven /> 

    <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving 
     up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --> 
    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> 
    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> 

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shop.cond" /> 

    <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources 
     in the /WEB-INF/views directory --> 
    <beans:bean 
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
     <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> 
     <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> 
    </beans:bean> 

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" 
       destroy-method="close"> 
     <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> 
     <!--<beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://ec2-54-235-177-62.compute-1.amazonaws.com:5432/d7pgi7nq0ue78j" />--> 
     <!--<beans:property name="username" value="htcxkqyeyymcxz" />--> 
     <!--<beans:property name="password" value="rs7Z8b4ULNa5zol8fSzJd_BNNR" />&ndash;&gt; 
--> 
     <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shopDB" /> 
     <beans:property name="username" value="arxangel192" /> 
     <beans:property name="password" value="qwe321zxc321" /> 
    </beans:bean> 

    <!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition --> 
    <beans:bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" 
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
     <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
     <beans:property name="annotatedClasses"> 
      <beans:list> 
       <beans:value>com.shop.cond.model.Product</beans:value> 
      </beans:list> 
     </beans:property> 
     <beans:property name="hibernateProperties"> 
      <beans:props> 
       <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect 
       </beans:prop> 
       <beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</beans:prop> 
      </beans:props> 
     </beans:property> 
    </beans:bean> 

    <beans:bean id="productDAO" class="com.shop.cond.dao.ProductDAOImpl"> 
     <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" /> 
    </beans:bean> 
    <beans:bean id="productService" class="com.shop.cond.service.ProductServiceImpl"> 
     <beans:property name="productDAO" ref="productDAO"/> 
    </beans:bean> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shop.cond" /> 

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 

    <beans:bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
     <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" /> 
    </beans:bean> 


</beans:beans> 

</beans:beans>

Procfile：

web: sh target/bin/webapp 
web: java -cp target/classes/:target/dependency/* com.shop.cond.MainController

目錄的結構： STRUCTURE

來源

2016-11-02 Dmitry

首先，您在Procfile中有兩個web:條目。如果這是你需要的，只使用java -cp。

主要錯誤是java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/ui/Model，這通常意味着您在類路徑中缺少JAR文件。

您是否已將所有依賴關係複製到target/dependency？

這通常用做在你的pom.xml如下：

<build> 
    <plugins> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
      <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>2.4</version> 
      <executions> 
       <execution> 
        <id>copy-dependencies</id> 
        <phase>package</phase> 
        <goals><goal>copy-dependencies</goal></goals> 
       </execution> 
      </executions> 
     </plugin> 
    </plugins> 
</build>

如果你有這個配置，檢查你的Spring的依賴不會被設置爲provided。

來源

2016-11-02 19:10:33 codefinger

我該如何提供？ – Dmitry

在目標/依賴項中我只有一個文件：webapp-runner.jar – Dmitry

如果您運行的是WAR文件，那麼您的'Procfile'不正確。看到這個https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/java-webapp-runner – codefinger

Heroku上的應用程序錯誤無法找到或加載主類

回答

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