X在Tic-Tac-Toe中未定義

Question

我使用以下代碼來玩井字遊戲。然而，當我運行它時，我得到這個錯誤：

PS C:\python33> python tictactoe.py 
Welcome to Tic Tac Toe! 
Do you want to be X or O? 
0 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "tictactoe.py", line 145, in <module> 
    playerLetter, computerLetter = inputPlayerLetter() 
    File "tictactoe.py", line 27, in inputPlayerLetter 
    letter = input().upper() 
File "<string>", line 1, in <module> 
NameError: name 'x' is not defined 

PS C:\python33> 

我已經嘗試將字母改爲27行的字符串，但是這並沒有解決問題。我嘗試過的其他線程似乎沒有用處。這是我的代碼following。我正在使用Python 3.3。

# Tic Tac Toe 

import random 

def drawBoard(board): 
    # This function prints out the board that it was passed. 

    # "board" is a list of 10 strings representing the board (ignore index 0) 
    print(' | |') 
    print(' ' + board[7] + ' | ' + board[8] + ' | ' + board[9]) 
    print(' | |') 
    print('-----------') 
    print(' | |') 
    print(' ' + board[4] + ' | ' + board[5] + ' | ' + board[6]) 
    print(' | |') 
    print('-----------') 
    print(' | |') 
    print(' ' + board[1] + ' | ' + board[2] + ' | ' + board[3]) 
    print(' | |') 

def inputPlayerLetter(): 
    # Let's the player type which letter they want to be. 
    # Returns a list with the player's letter as the first item, and the computer's letter as the second. 
    letter = '' 
    while not (letter == 'X' or letter == 'O'): 
     print('Do you want to be X or O?') 
     letter = input().upper() 

    # the first element in the tuple is the player's letter, the second is the computer's letter. 
    if letter == 'X': 
     return ['X', 'O'] 
    else: 
     return ['O', 'X'] 

def whoGoesFirst(): 
    # Randomly choose the player who goes first. 
    if random.randint(0, 1) == 0: 
     return 'computer' 
    else: 
     return 'player' 

def playAgain(): 
    # This function returns True if the player wants to play again, otherwise it returns False. 
    print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)') 
    return input().lower().startswith('y') 

def makeMove(board, letter, move): 
    board[move] = letter 

def isWinner(bo, le): 
    # Given a board and a player's letter, this function returns True if that player has won. 
    # We use bo instead of board and le instead of letter so we don't have to type as much. 
    return ((bo[7] == le and bo[8] == le and bo[9] == le) or # across the top 
    (bo[4] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[6] == le) or # across the middle 
    (bo[1] == le and bo[2] == le and bo[3] == le) or # across the bottom 
    (bo[7] == le and bo[4] == le and bo[1] == le) or # down the left side 
    (bo[8] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[2] == le) or # down the middle 
    (bo[9] == le and bo[6] == le and bo[3] == le) or # down the right side 
    (bo[7] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[3] == le) or # diagonal 
    (bo[9] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[1] == le)) # diagonal 

def getBoardCopy(board): 
    # Make a duplicate of the board list and return it the duplicate. 
    dupeBoard = [] 

    for i in board: 
     dupeBoard.append(i) 

    return dupeBoard 

def isSpaceFree(board, move): 
    # Return true if the passed move is free on the passed board. 
    return board[move] == ' ' 

def getPlayerMove(board): 
    # Let the player type in his move. 
    move = ' ' 
    while move not in '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'.split() or not isSpaceFree(board, int(move)): 
     print('What is your next move? (1-9)') 
     move = input() 
    return int(move) 

def chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, movesList): 
    # Returns a valid move from the passed list on the passed board. 
    # Returns None if there is no valid move. 
    possibleMoves = [] 
    for i in movesList: 
     if isSpaceFree(board, i): 
      possibleMoves.append(i) 

    if len(possibleMoves) != 0: 
     return random.choice(possibleMoves) 
    else: 
     return None 

def getComputerMove(board, computerLetter): 
    # Given a board and the computer's letter, determine where to move and return that move. 
    if computerLetter == 'X': 
     playerLetter = 'O' 
    else: 
     playerLetter = 'X' 

    # Here is our algorithm for our Tic Tac Toe AI: 
    # First, check if we can win in the next move 
    for i in range(1, 10): 
     copy = getBoardCopy(board) 
     if isSpaceFree(copy, i): 
      makeMove(copy, computerLetter, i) 
      if isWinner(copy, computerLetter): 
       return i 

    # Check if the player could win on his next move, and block them. 
    for i in range(1, 10): 
     copy = getBoardCopy(board) 
     if isSpaceFree(copy, i): 
      makeMove(copy, playerLetter, i) 
      if isWinner(copy, playerLetter): 
       return i 

    # Try to take one of the corners, if they are free. 
    move = chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [1, 3, 7, 9]) 
    if move != None: 
     return move 

    # Try to take the center, if it is free. 
    if isSpaceFree(board, 5): 
     return 5 

    # Move on one of the sides. 
    return chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [2, 4, 6, 8]) 

def isBoardFull(board): 
    # Return True if every space on the board has been taken. Otherwise return False. 
    for i in range(1, 10): 
     if isSpaceFree(board, i): 
      return False 
    return True 


print('Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!') 

while True: 
    # Reset the board 
    theBoard = [' '] * 10 
    playerLetter, computerLetter = inputPlayerLetter() 
    turn = whoGoesFirst() 
    print('The ' + turn + ' will go first.') 
    gameIsPlaying = True 

    while gameIsPlaying: 
     if turn == 'player': 
      # Player's turn. 
      drawBoard(theBoard) 
      move = getPlayerMove(theBoard) 
      makeMove(theBoard, playerLetter, move) 

      if isWinner(theBoard, playerLetter): 
       drawBoard(theBoard) 
       print('Hooray! You have won the game!') 
       gameIsPlaying = False 
      else: 
       if isBoardFull(theBoard): 
        drawBoard(theBoard) 
        print('The game is a tie!') 
        break 
       else: 
        turn = 'computer' 

     else: 
      # Computer's turn. 
      move = getComputerMove(theBoard, computerLetter) 
      makeMove(theBoard, computerLetter, move) 

      if isWinner(theBoard, computerLetter): 
       drawBoard(theBoard) 
       print('The computer has beaten you! You lose.') 
       gameIsPlaying = False 
      else: 
       if isBoardFull(theBoard): 
        drawBoard(theBoard) 
        print('The game is a tie!') 
        break 
       else: 
        turn = 'player' 

    if not playAgain(): 
     break 

Answer 1

它看起來像你的問題是：

letter = input().upper() 

你告訴蟒蛇儘量讓你輸入字符串的感覺。從您的描述中，您可能正在尋找raw_input()。 測試的例子：

>>> input() 
x 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> 
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module> 
NameError: name 'x' is not defined 

>>> raw_input() 
x 
'x' 

的'x'這raw_input()回報是支持之類的東西upper()