（Un）推斷的子類規則Protégé與OWL API

Question

我對Protégé中的子類處理與直接使用OWL API相比有點困惑。

我已經建立了一個簡單的本體論，我在邏輯上定義了「男人」或「女人」是什麼，即男性或女性人類。

中的類

Human 
Woman 
Man 
Gender 
    Female 
    Male 

屬性：

hasSex (Human -> Gender) 

所以女人是 人和hasGender一些女

我的問題：當我在門徒新顯示這個本體，它會自動組織男人和女人作爲人類的子類，而不使用推理者。 然而，當我遍歷OWL API中的所有類和打印他們的子類，只有斷言子類中發現：

Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female> 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Woman> 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male> 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human> 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender> 
    <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female> 
    <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male> 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Man> 

我需要用推理來獲得期望的結果，那門徒新顯示，而無需使用一個：

Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female> 
    Node(owl:Nothing) 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Woman> 
    Node(owl:Nothing) 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male> 
    Node(owl:Nothing) 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human> 
    Node(<http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Man>) 
    Node(<http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Woman>) 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender> 
    Node(<http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female>) 
    Node(<http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male>) 
Subclasses of <http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Man> 
    Node(owl:Nothing) 

我在這裏做錯了什麼？ Protégé是否有一些內置的「明確」子類案例規則？我可以在哪裏找到它們？

作爲參考，例如本體和OWL API代碼如下：

<!-- 
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
// 
// Object Properties 
// 
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
--> 




<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasAge --> 

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasAge"> 
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human"/> 
</owl:ObjectProperty> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasSex --> 

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasSex"> 
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human"/> 
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender"/> 
</owl:ObjectProperty> 



<!-- 
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
// 
// Classes 
// 
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
--> 




<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female"> 
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender"/> 
</owl:Class> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender"/> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human"/> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male"> 
    <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Gender"/> 
</owl:Class> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Man --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Man"> 
    <owl:equivalentClass> 
     <owl:Class> 
      <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> 
       <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human"/> 
       <owl:Restriction> 
        <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasSex"/> 
        <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Male"/> 
       </owl:Restriction> 
      </owl:intersectionOf> 
     </owl:Class> 
    </owl:equivalentClass> 
</owl:Class> 



<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Woman --> 

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Woman"> 
    <owl:equivalentClass> 
     <owl:Class> 
      <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> 
       <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Human"/> 
       <owl:Restriction> 
        <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#hasSex"/> 
        <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/user/ontologies/2017/4/untitled-ontology-222#Female"/> 
       </owl:Restriction> 
      </owl:intersectionOf> 
     </owl:Class> 
    </owl:equivalentClass> 
</owl:Class> 

public static void main(String[] args) throws OWLOntologyCreationException { 
    OWLOntologyManager m = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager(); 
    OWLOntology o = m.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(new File("testonto/Untitled.owl")); 
    OWLReasonerFactory reasonerFactory = new JFactFactory(); 
    OWLReasoner reasoner = reasonerFactory.createReasoner(o); 
    o.classesInSignature().forEach(c -> { 
     System.out.println("Subclasses of " + c); 
     reasoner.getSubClasses(c, true).forEach(sc -> System.out.println(" " + sc)); 
//   EntitySearcher.getSubClasses(c, o).forEach(sc -> System.out.println(" " + sc)); 
    }); 
} 

Answer 1

簡短的回答是肯定的，門徒新有一些最起碼的推理組織已聲明的層次結構。